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2.5-dimensional covalent organic frameworks

Author

Listed:
  • Tomoki Kitano

    (Institute of Science Tokyo
    Institute of Science Tokyo)

  • Syunto Goto

    (Institute of Science Tokyo
    Institute of Science Tokyo)

  • Xiaohan Wang

    (Institute of Science Tokyo
    Institute of Science Tokyo)

  • Takayuki Kamihara

    (Institute of Science Tokyo)

  • Yoshihisa Sei

    (Institute of Science Tokyo)

  • Yukihito Kondo

    (Institute of Science Tokyo)

  • Takumi Sannomiya

    (Institute of Science Tokyo)

  • Hidehiro Uekusa

    (Institute of Science Tokyo)

  • Yoichi Murakami

    (Institute of Science Tokyo
    Institute of Science Tokyo
    Institute of Science Tokyo)

Abstract

Covalently bonded crystalline substances with micropores have broad applications. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are representative of such substances. They have so far been classified into two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) COFs. 2D-COFs have planar shapes useful for broad purposes, but obtaining good crystals of 2D-COFs with sizes larger than 10 μm is significantly challenging, whereas yielding 3D-COFs with high crystallinity and larger sizes is easier. Here, we show COFs with 2.5-dimensional (2.5D) skeletons, which are microscopically constructed with 3D bonds but have macroscopically 2D planar shapes. The 2.5D-COFs shown herein achieve large single-crystal sizes above 0.1 mm and ultrahigh-density primary amines regularly allocated on and pointing perpendicular to the covalently-bonded network plane. Owing to the latter nature, the COFs are promising as CO2 adsorbents that can simultaneously achieve high CO2/N2 selectivity and low heat of adsorption, which are usually in a mutually exclusive relationship. 2.5D-COFs are expected to broaden the frontier and application of covalently bonded microporous crystalline systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Tomoki Kitano & Syunto Goto & Xiaohan Wang & Takayuki Kamihara & Yoshihisa Sei & Yukihito Kondo & Takumi Sannomiya & Hidehiro Uekusa & Yoichi Murakami, 2025. "2.5-dimensional covalent organic frameworks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-55729-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55729-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Omar M. Yaghi & Michael O'Keeffe & Nathan W. Ockwig & Hee K. Chae & Mohamed Eddaoudi & Jaheon Kim, 2003. "Reticular synthesis and the design of new materials," Nature, Nature, vol. 423(6941), pages 705-714, June.
    2. Tanmay Banerjee & Frederik Haase & Stefan Trenker & Bishnu P. Biswal & Gökcen Savasci & Viola Duppel & Igor Moudrakovski & Christian Ochsenfeld & Bettina V. Lotsch, 2019. "Sub-stoichiometric 2D covalent organic frameworks from tri- and tetratopic linkers," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-10, December.
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