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A review of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as energy-efficient desiccants for adsorption driven heat-transformation applications

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  • Karmakar, Avishek
  • Prabakaran, Vivekh
  • Zhao, Dan
  • Chua, Kian Jon

Abstract

Energy-efficient alternative cooling technologies are necessary to reduce the sharp rise in building energy requirements. The currently employed vapor compression air-conditioners are non-environmentally friendly and exhibit low efficiency due to the concurrent handling of sensible and latent cooling loads. Adsorption chillers and desiccant dehumidifiers are promising alternatives that can trim the overall carbon footprint. Their cooling energy efficiency is dependent on the adsorption characteristics of the employed desiccants. Conventional desiccants suffer from low equilibrium capacity, slow adsorption-desorption dynamics, the needs for high regeneration temperatures, and the lack of hydrothermal and cyclic stabilities. With excellent hydrophilicity, exceptional structural integrity, and specific host-guest interactions, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are deemed to be the next generation of advanced materials with tailorable structures for specific applications. In this review article, we focus on the recent developments in MOFs and their potential employment in several state-of-the-art applications such as heat transformation, energy storage, and water harvesting. The advantages of MOFs over conventional pure and composite desiccant materials are discussed, and the key factors necessary for synthesizing stable MOFs are reviewed comprehensively. The experimental and computational characterization techniques employed to investigate the properties of MOFs are studied. Lastly, factors that are essential to screen MOFs for specific applications are analyzed, and key research gaps and technological advancements pertaining to material development and engineering demands are also highlighted. In sum, this review article offers an extensive update on the latest trends in water-sorbing MOFs and is intended to serve as a one-stop archive for its potential applicability.

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  • Karmakar, Avishek & Prabakaran, Vivekh & Zhao, Dan & Chua, Kian Jon, 2020. "A review of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as energy-efficient desiccants for adsorption driven heat-transformation applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:269:y:2020:i:c:s0306261920305821
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115070
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    2. Vivekh, P. & Bui, D.T. & Islam, M.R. & Zaw, K. & Chua, K.J., 2020. "Experimental performance and energy efficiency investigation of composite superabsorbent polymer and potassium formate coated heat exchangers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    3. Choudhary, Ram Bilash & Ansari, Sarfaraz & Majumder, Mandira, 2021. "Recent advances on redox active composites of metal-organic framework and conducting polymers as pseudocapacitor electrode material," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    4. Venegas, Tomas & Qu, Ming & Nawaz, Kashif & Wang, Lingshi, 2021. "Critical review and future prospects for desiccant coated heat exchangers: Materials, design, and manufacturing," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    5. Liu, Lin & Wu, Rongjun & Huang, Hongyu & Li, Jun & Bai, Yu & He, Zhaohong & Deng, Lisheng & Wang, Zhenpeng & Kubota, Mitsuhiro & Kobayashi, Noriyuki, 2024. "Theoretical study on the dehumidification behaviors of dual-desiccants coated cross-flow heat exchanger with staged adsorption-desorption process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 297(C).
    6. Shahvari, Saba Zakeri & Clark, Jordan D., 2023. "Approaching theoretical maximum energy performance for desiccant dehumidification using staged and optimized metal-organic frameworks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    7. Feng, Y.H. & Dai, Y.J. & Wang, R.Z. & Ge, T.S., 2022. "Insights into desiccant-based internally-cooled dehumidification using porous sorbents: From a modeling viewpoint," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
    8. Zhang, Qunli & Li, Yanxin & Zhang, Qiuyue & Ma, Fengge & Lü, Xiaoshu, 2024. "Application of deep dehumidification technology in low-humidity industry: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    9. Chen, W.D. & Vivekh, P. & Liu, M.Z. & Kumja, M. & Chua, K.J., 2021. "Energy improvement and performance prediction of desiccant coated dehumidifiers based on dimensional and scaling analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    10. Chai, Shaowei & Chen, Erjian & Xie, Mingxi & Zhao, Yao & Dai, Yanjun, 2022. "Experimental study of dehumidification performance and solar thermal energy enhancement properties on a dehumidification system using desiccant coated heat exchanger," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    11. Zu, Kan & Qin, Menghao & Cui, Shuqing, 2020. "Progress and potential of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as novel desiccants for built environment control: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    12. Mohammed, Ramy H. & Rezk, Ahmed & Askalany, Ahmed & Ali, Ehab S. & Zohir, A.E. & Sultan, Muhammad & Ghazy, Mohamed & Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali & Olabi, A.G., 2021. "Metal-organic frameworks in cooling and water desalination: Synthesis and application," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    13. Han, Bo & Chakraborty, Anutosh, 2024. "Recent advances in metal-organic frameworks for adsorption heat transformations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    14. Ge, Lurong & Feng, Yaohui & Wu, Jiarong & Wang, Ruzhu & Ge, Tianshu, 2024. "Performance evaluation of MIL-101(Cr) based desiccant-coated heat exchangers for efficient dehumidification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    15. Piotr Boruta & Tomasz Bujok & Łukasz Mika & Karol Sztekler, 2021. "Adsorbents, Working Pairs and Coated Beds for Natural Refrigerants in Adsorption Chillers—State of the Art," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-41, August.

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