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Studying phonon coherence with a quantum sensor

Author

Listed:
  • Agnetta Y. Cleland

    (Stanford University 348 Via Pueblo Mall)

  • E. Alex Wollack

    (Stanford University 348 Via Pueblo Mall)

  • Amir H. Safavi-Naeini

    (Stanford University 348 Via Pueblo Mall)

Abstract

Nanomechanical oscillators offer numerous advantages for quantum technologies. Their integration with superconducting qubits shows promise for hardware-efficient quantum error-correction protocols involving superpositions of mechanical coherent states. Limitations of this approach include mechanical decoherence processes, particularly two-level system (TLS) defects, which have been widely studied using classical fields and detectors. In this manuscript, we use a superconducting qubit as a quantum sensor to perform phonon number-resolved measurements on a piezoelectrically coupled phononic crystal cavity. This enables a high-resolution study of mechanical dissipation and dephasing in coherent states of variable size ( $$\bar{n}\simeq 1-10$$ n ¯ ≃ 1 − 10 phonons). We observe nonexponential relaxation and state size-dependent reduction of the dephasing rate, which we attribute to TLS. Using a numerical model, we reproduce the dissipation signatures (and to a lesser extent, the dephasing signatures) via emission into a small ensemble (N = 5) of rapidly dephasing TLS. Our findings comprise a detailed examination of TLS-induced phonon decoherence in the quantum regime.

Suggested Citation

  • Agnetta Y. Cleland & E. Alex Wollack & Amir H. Safavi-Naeini, 2024. "Studying phonon coherence with a quantum sensor," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-48306-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48306-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. K. J. Satzinger & Y. P. Zhong & H.-S. Chang & G. A. Peairs & A. Bienfait & Ming-Han Chou & A. Y. Cleland & C. R. Conner & É. Dumur & J. Grebel & I. Gutierrez & B. H. November & R. G. Povey & S. J. Whi, 2018. "Quantum control of surface acoustic-wave phonons," Nature, Nature, vol. 563(7733), pages 661-665, November.
    2. Yiwen Chu & Prashanta Kharel & Taekwan Yoon & Luigi Frunzio & Peter T. Rakich & Robert J. Schoelkopf, 2018. "Creation and control of multi-phonon Fock states in a bulk acoustic-wave resonator," Nature, Nature, vol. 563(7733), pages 666-670, November.
    3. E. Alex Wollack & Agnetta Y. Cleland & Rachel G. Gruenke & Zhaoyou Wang & Patricio Arrangoiz-Arriola & Amir H. Safavi-Naeini, 2022. "Quantum state preparation and tomography of entangled mechanical resonators," Nature, Nature, vol. 604(7906), pages 463-467, April.
    4. L. Sun & A. Petrenko & Z. Leghtas & B. Vlastakis & G. Kirchmair & K. M. Sliwa & A. Narla & M. Hatridge & S. Shankar & J. Blumoff & L. Frunzio & M. Mirrahimi & M. H. Devoret & R. J. Schoelkopf, 2014. "Tracking photon jumps with repeated quantum non-demolition parity measurements," Nature, Nature, vol. 511(7510), pages 444-448, July.
    5. Patricio Arrangoiz-Arriola & E. Alex Wollack & Zhaoyou Wang & Marek Pechal & Wentao Jiang & Timothy P. McKenna & Jeremy D. Witmer & Raphaël Laer & Amir H. Safavi-Naeini, 2019. "Resolving the energy levels of a nanomechanical oscillator," Nature, Nature, vol. 571(7766), pages 537-540, July.
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