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Femtometer-amplitude imaging of coherent super high frequency vibrations in micromechanical resonators

Author

Listed:
  • Lei Shao

    (National Institute of Standards and Technology
    Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

  • Vikrant J. Gokhale

    (National Institute of Standards and Technology
    U.S. Naval Research Laboratory)

  • Bo Peng

    (Shanghai Jiao Tong University
    Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

  • Penghui Song

    (Shanghai Jiao Tong University
    Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

  • Jingjie Cheng

    (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

  • Justin Kuo

    (Cornell University)

  • Amit Lal

    (Cornell University)

  • Wen-Ming Zhang

    (Shanghai Jiao Tong University
    Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

  • Jason J. Gorman

    (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

Abstract

Dynamic measurement of femtometer-displacement vibrations in mechanical resonators at microwave frequencies is critical for a number of emerging high-impact technologies including 5G wireless communications and quantum state generation, storage, and transfer. However, the resolution of continuous-wave laser interferometry, the method most commonly used for imaging vibration wavefields, has been limited to vibration amplitudes just below a picometer at several gigahertz. This is insufficient for these technologies since vibration amplitudes precipitously decrease for increasing frequency. Here we present a stroboscopic optical sampling approach for the transduction of coherent super high frequency vibrations. Phase-sensitive absolute displacement detection with a noise floor of 55 fm/√Hz for frequencies up to 12 GHz is demonstrated, achieving higher bandwidth and significantly lower noise floor simultaneously compared to previous work. An acoustic microresonator with resonances above 10 GHz and displacements smaller than 70 fm is measured using the presented method to reveal complex mode superposition, dispersion, and anisotropic propagation.

Suggested Citation

  • Lei Shao & Vikrant J. Gokhale & Bo Peng & Penghui Song & Jingjie Cheng & Justin Kuo & Amit Lal & Wen-Ming Zhang & Jason J. Gorman, 2022. "Femtometer-amplitude imaging of coherent super high frequency vibrations in micromechanical resonators," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-28223-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28223-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yiwen Chu & Prashanta Kharel & Taekwan Yoon & Luigi Frunzio & Peter T. Rakich & Robert J. Schoelkopf, 2018. "Creation and control of multi-phonon Fock states in a bulk acoustic-wave resonator," Nature, Nature, vol. 563(7733), pages 666-670, November.
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    3. Qingnan Xie & Sylvain Mezil & Paul H. Otsuka & Motonobu Tomoda & Jérôme Laurent & Osamu Matsuda & Zhonghua Shen & Oliver B. Wright, 2019. "Imaging gigahertz zero-group-velocity Lamb waves," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-7, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Daehun Lee & Shahin Jahanbani & Jack Kramer & Ruochen Lu & Keji Lai, 2023. "Nanoscale imaging of super-high-frequency microelectromechanical resonators with femtometer sensitivity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.

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