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Gut microbiota and fecal short chain fatty acids differ with adiposity and country of origin: the METS-microbiome study

Author

Listed:
  • Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah

    (University of California San Diego)

  • Candice Choo-Kang

    (Loyola University Chicago)

  • Maria Gjerstad Maseng

    (University of Oslo
    Oslo University Hospital
    Bio-Me)

  • Sonya Donato

    (University of California San Diego)

  • Pascal Bovet

    (University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne University Hospital
    Ministry of Health)

  • Bharathi Viswanathan

    (Ministry of Health)

  • Kweku Bedu-Addo

    (SMS, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology)

  • Jacob Plange-Rhule

    (SMS, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology)

  • Prince Oti Boateng

    (SMS, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology)

  • Terrence E. Forrester

    (University of the West Indies)

  • Marie Williams

    (University of the West Indies)

  • Estelle V. Lambert

    (University of Cape Town)

  • Dale Rae

    (University of Cape Town)

  • Nandipha Sinyanya

    (University of Cape Town)

  • Amy Luke

    (Loyola University Chicago)

  • Brian T. Layden

    (University of Illinois at Chicago
    Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center)

  • Stephen O’Keefe

    (University of Pittsburgh)

  • Jack A. Gilbert

    (University of California San Diego)

  • Lara R. Dugas

    (Loyola University Chicago
    University of Cape Town)

Abstract

The relationship between microbiota, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and obesity remains enigmatic. We employ amplicon sequencing and targeted metabolomics in a large (n = 1904) African origin cohort from Ghana, South Africa, Jamaica, Seychelles, and the US. Microbiota diversity and fecal SCFAs are greatest in Ghanaians, and lowest in Americans, representing each end of the urbanization spectrum. Obesity is significantly associated with a reduction in SCFA concentration, microbial diversity, and SCFA synthesizing bacteria, with country of origin being the strongest explanatory factor. Diabetes, glucose state, hypertension, obesity, and sex can be accurately predicted from the global microbiota, but when analyzed at the level of country, predictive accuracy is only universally maintained for sex. Diabetes, glucose, and hypertension are only predictive in certain low-income countries. Our findings suggest that adiposity-related microbiota differences differ between low-to-middle-income compared to high-income countries. Further investigation is needed to determine the factors driving this association.

Suggested Citation

  • Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah & Candice Choo-Kang & Maria Gjerstad Maseng & Sonya Donato & Pascal Bovet & Bharathi Viswanathan & Kweku Bedu-Addo & Jacob Plange-Rhule & Prince Oti Boateng & Terrence E. Forrest, 2023. "Gut microbiota and fecal short chain fatty acids differ with adiposity and country of origin: the METS-microbiome study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-40874-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40874-x
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