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Gut Microbiota Profiles Differ among Individuals Depending on Their Region of Origin: An Italian Pilot Study

Author

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  • Andrea Fontana

    (Unit of Biostatistics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to the manuscript.)

  • Concetta Panebianco

    (Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to the manuscript.)

  • Andrea Picchianti-Diamanti

    (Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Bruno Laganà

    (Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Duccio Cavalieri

    (Department of Biology, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy)

  • Adele Potenza

    (Dietetic and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy)

  • Riccardo Pracella

    (Cancer Stem Cells Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy)

  • Elena Binda

    (Cancer Stem Cells Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy)

  • Massimiliano Copetti

    (Unit of Biostatistics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy)

  • Valerio Pazienza

    (Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy)

Abstract

Background and aims: Microbiota heterogeneity among humans is mainly due to genetic background, age, dietary habits, lifestyle and local environments. In this study we investigated whether the gut microbiota profile of Italian healthy volunteers could differ based on their geographical origin. Materials and Methods: 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed to analyze the gut microbiota of 31 healthy volunteers from three different Italian regions: Apulia (South), Lazio (Center) and Lombardy (North). Results: Differences in microbiota composition were detected when the study participants were grouped by their region of origin and when they were classified based on age classes ( p -values < 0.05). Also species richness was significantly different both according to Italian Regions (median richness: 177.8 vs. 140.7 vs. 168.0 in Apulia, Lazio and Lombardy; p < 0.001) and according to age classes (median richness: 140.1 vs. 177.8 vs. 160.0 in subjects < 32, 32–41 and > 41 years; p < 0.001), whereas the Shannon index and beta diversity did not change. Conclusions: This study identified differences in the gut microbiota composition and richness among individuals with the same ethnicity coming from three different Italian regions. Our results underline the importance of studies on population-specific variations in human microbiota composition leading to geographically tailored approaches to microbiota engineering.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea Fontana & Concetta Panebianco & Andrea Picchianti-Diamanti & Bruno Laganà & Duccio Cavalieri & Adele Potenza & Riccardo Pracella & Elena Binda & Massimiliano Copetti & Valerio Pazienza, 2019. "Gut Microbiota Profiles Differ among Individuals Depending on Their Region of Origin: An Italian Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-20, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:21:p:4065-:d:279312
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    1. Martina Rueca & Andrea Fontana & Barbara Bartolini & Pierluca Piselli & Antonio Mazzarelli & Massimiliano Copetti & Elena Binda & Francesco Perri & Cesare Ernesto Maria Gruber & Emanuele Nicastri & Lu, 2021. "Investigation of Nasal/Oropharyngeal Microbial Community of COVID-19 Patients by 16S rDNA Sequencing," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-11, February.

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