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Optimized Power Pads for Charging Electric Vehicles Based on a New Rectangular Spiral Shape Design

Author

Listed:
  • Nadir Benalia

    (Laboratory of Applied Automation and Industrial Diagnostics (LAADI), Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ziane Achour University, Djelfa 17000, Algeria)

  • Kouider Laroussi

    (Laboratory of Applied Automation and Industrial Diagnostics (LAADI), Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ziane Achour University, Djelfa 17000, Algeria)

  • Idriss Benlaloui

    (Laboratory of Electromagnetic Induction and Propulsion Systems (LSPIE), Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Batna 2, Batna 05000, Algeria)

  • Abdellah Kouzou

    (Laboratory of Applied Automation and Industrial Diagnostics (LAADI), Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ziane Achour University, Djelfa 17000, Algeria
    Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Nisantasi University, Istanbul 34398, Turkey
    Institute for Electrical Drive Systems and Power Electronics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany)

  • Abed-Djebar Bensalah

    (Laboratory of Electromagnetic Induction and Propulsion Systems (LSPIE), Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Batna 2, Batna 05000, Algeria)

  • Ralph Kennel

    (Institute for Electrical Drive Systems and Power Electronics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany)

  • Mohamed Abdelrahem

    (Institute for Electrical Drive Systems and Power Electronics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt)

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) can be charged wirelessly using inductive charging technology. This process has a number of advantages in terms of automation, safety in harsh environments, reliability in the event of natural disasters and adaptability. On the other hand, the inductive charger has many issues, including a complex design, sensitivity to misalignment, safety concerns, and a high cost. The transmitting and receiving coils are the primary causes of the cited problems. This paper presents an in-depth study of an electric vehicle charging system based on the magnetic coupling between two coils by introducing different materials to concentrate the magnetic flux and hence improving the overall efficiency of the charging system and its design. Three situations of the magnetic coupling between two identical rectangular coils as a function of both the horizontal (X axis) and vertical (Z axis) alignment are examined. In the first case, the analysis of the magnetic coupling between two copper coils separated by an air gap is presented. The results show that the magnitude of the fields decreases according to the distance between the transmitter and the receiver coils and the obtained coupling coefficient was very low with a high leakage flux which affected the performance of the charging system. In the second case, a straightforward shielding method that involves inserting a magnetic material of the ferrite type is proposed to overcome these problems. The use of ferrite magnetic shielding contributes to channeling the field lines as well as reducing leakage flux which makes the transmitted power higher. This perspective shows that simple shielding is still only a partial and insufficient solution. In the third situation, an aluminum sheet was consequently placed on the top of the ferrite to provide an adequate shielding structure. A 3D analysis of the self and mutual induction parameters separating the two coils as well as a magnetic field is also performed using the Ansys Maxwell software. The results highlight the significance of the enhanced proposed design.

Suggested Citation

  • Nadir Benalia & Kouider Laroussi & Idriss Benlaloui & Abdellah Kouzou & Abed-Djebar Bensalah & Ralph Kennel & Mohamed Abdelrahem, 2023. "Optimized Power Pads for Charging Electric Vehicles Based on a New Rectangular Spiral Shape Design," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-14, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:1230-:d:1029903
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Heqi Xu & Chunfang Wang & Dongwei Xia & Yunrui Liu, 2019. "Design of Magnetic Coupler for Wireless Power Transfer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-12, August.
    2. Valerio De Santis & Tommaso Campi & Silvano Cruciani & Ilkka Laakso & Mauro Feliziani, 2018. "Assessment of the Induced Electric Fields in a Carbon-Fiber Electrical Vehicle Equipped with a Wireless Power Transfer System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-9, March.
    3. Valerio De Santis & Luca Giaccone & Fabio Freschi, 2021. "Influence of Posture and Coil Position on the Safety of a WPT System While Recharging a Compact EV," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-10, November.
    4. Mohamed, Ahmed A.S. & Shaier, Ahmed A. & Metwally, Hamid & Selem, Sameh I., 2020. "A comprehensive overview of inductive pad in electric vehicles stationary charging," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    5. Dongdong Xu & Qian Zhang & Xiuhan Li, 2020. "Implantable Magnetic Resonance Wireless Power Transfer System Based on 3D Flexible Coils," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-17, May.
    6. Karim Kadem & Mohamed Bensetti & Yann Le Bihan & Eric Labouré & Mustapha Debbou, 2021. "Optimal Coupler Topology for Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-18, July.
    7. Yuan Li & Shumei Zhang & Ze Cheng, 2021. "Double-Coil Dynamic Shielding Technology for Wireless Power Transmission in Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-20, August.
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