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Current Trends in Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure; Opportunities and Challenges in Wireless Charging Integration

Author

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  • Konstantina Dimitriadou

    (Electrical Machines Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Kimmeria-Xanthi, 67132 Xanthi, Greece)

  • Nick Rigogiannis

    (Electrical Machines Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Kimmeria-Xanthi, 67132 Xanthi, Greece)

  • Symeon Fountoukidis

    (Electrical Machines Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Kimmeria-Xanthi, 67132 Xanthi, Greece)

  • Faidra Kotarela

    (Electrical Machines Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Kimmeria-Xanthi, 67132 Xanthi, Greece)

  • Anastasios Kyritsis

    (Environmental Physics, Energy and Environmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Environment, Ionian University, Panagoula-Zakynthos, 29100 Zakynthos, Greece
    Department of Photovoltaic Systems and Distributed Generation, Centre for Renewable Energy Sources and Saving (C.R.E.S.), 19th km Marathonos Av., Pikermi, 19009 Athens, Greece)

  • Nick Papanikolaou

    (Electrical Machines Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Kimmeria-Xanthi, 67132 Xanthi, Greece)

Abstract

Nowadays, the imperative need for the reduction of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions leads to the wider adoption of environmentally friendly transportation means. As a result, various policies underpinning the Electric Vehicle (EV) deployment are legislated globally, and several technical advances contributing to the electrification of the transportation sector are pursued. In this paper, a comprehensive overview of the current status of the infrastructure utilized for the realization of both conductive and contactless (wireless) charging of an EV battery is conducted. Furthermore, the issue of EV integration in conventional distribution networks, as well as in future power system architectures, is discussed in detail. Particular focus is given to wireless (i.e., inductive) charging. A detailed presentation of the respective standards and charging levels, as well as the magnetic couplers and the compensation network configurations, is carried out. Moreover, innovative concepts such as dynamic and quasi-dynamic wireless charging, as well as future challenges and opportunities, are presented and discussed. Finally, smart control and communication techniques applicable to EV charging are presented in the context of the future Internet of Energy (IoE) concept.

Suggested Citation

  • Konstantina Dimitriadou & Nick Rigogiannis & Symeon Fountoukidis & Faidra Kotarela & Anastasios Kyritsis & Nick Papanikolaou, 2023. "Current Trends in Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure; Opportunities and Challenges in Wireless Charging Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-28, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:2057-:d:1074075
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Pannee Suanpang & Pitchaya Jamjuntr, 2024. "Optimal Electric Vehicle Battery Management Using Q-learning for Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-50, August.
    3. Faidra Kotarela & Nick Rigogiannis & Eleni Glavinou & Fotis Mpailis & Anastasios Kyritsis & Nick Papanikolaou, 2024. "Techno-Economic and Environmental Assessment of a Photovoltaic-Based Fast-Charging Station for Public Utility Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-22, January.
    4. Yuzhu Zhang & Hao Xu, 2024. "Reconfigurable-Intelligent-Surface-Enhanced Dynamic Resource Allocation for the Social Internet of Electric Vehicle Charging Networks with Causal-Structure-Based Reinforcement Learning," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-20, May.
    5. Franklin John & Pongiannan Rakkiya Goundar Komarasamy & Narayanamoorthi Rajamanickam & Lukas Vavra & Jan Petrov & Vladimir Kral, 2024. "Performance Improvement of Wireless Power Transfer System for Sustainable EV Charging Using Dead-Time Integrated Pulse Density Modulation Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-28, August.
    6. Li, Ke & Chen, Jixin & Sun, Xiaodong & Lei, Gang & Cai, Yingfeng & Chen, Long, 2023. "Application of wireless energy transmission technology in electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    7. Ji, Jinhua & Wang, Linhong & Yang, Menglin & Bie, Yiming & Hao, Mingjie, 2024. "Optimal deployment of dynamic wireless charging facilities for electric bus route considering stochastic travel times," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    8. Ibham Veza & Mohd Syaifuddin & Muhammad Idris & Safarudin Gazali Herawan & Abdulfatah Abdu Yusuf & Islam Md Rizwanul Fattah, 2024. "Electric Vehicle (EV) Review: Bibliometric Analysis of Electric Vehicle Trend, Policy, Lithium-Ion Battery, Battery Management, Charging Infrastructure, Smart Charging, and Electric Vehicle-to-Everyth," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-43, July.
    9. Nick Rigogiannis & Ioannis Bogatsis & Christos Pechlivanis & Anastasios Kyritsis & Nick Papanikolaou, 2023. "Moving towards Greener Road Transportation: A Review," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 5(2), pages 1-25, June.

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