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Can Enjoyment and Physical Self-Perception Mediate the Relationship between BMI and Levels of Physical Activity? Preliminary Results from the Regional Observatory of Motor Development in Italy

Author

Listed:
  • Domenico Monacis

    (Department of Humanities, Letters, Cultural Heritage, Education Sciences, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy)

  • Athos Trecroci

    (Department of Humanities, Letters, Cultural Heritage, Education Sciences, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
    Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20110 Milano, Italy)

  • Pietro Luigi Invernizzi

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20110 Milano, Italy)

  • Dario Colella

    (Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

Abstract

Physical education during adolescence, supported by evidenced-based methodologies, offers many different opportunities to practice structured physical activity and promote the development of motor skills, motor coordination, and conditioning. The present study aimed to assess differences in the levels of physical activity, enjoyment, and self-perception in a sample ( n = 1029, M = 505, F = 524) of 11–12-year-old secondary schoolchildren according to gender and BMI and determine (a) the mediation effects of physical self-perception in the association between BMI and physical activity and (b) the role of enjoyment in mediating the relation between physical self-perception and physical activity. As part of the Regional Observatory of Motor Development Project (Apulia, Southern Italy), the assessment involved three questionnaires for physical activity levels (PAL), physical self-perception (PSP_C), and enjoyment (PACES). The results showed significant differences in PSP between normal-weight, overweight, and obese children (especially in girls), while there were no significant differences in enjoyment. Physical self-perception partially mediates the relationship between BMI and PAL (R 2 = 7.94% for males, 95% C.I.: −0.013, −0.004; R 2 = 14.70% for females, 95% C.I.: −0.25, −0.009), and the enjoyment partially mediates the relationship between physical self-perception and PAL (R 2 = 6.83% for males, 95% C.I. = 0.003, 0.012; R 2 = 13.45% for females, 95% C.I. = 0.002, 0.014). However, only a small percentage of variance was explained, precluding the extension and generalization of the results obtained.

Suggested Citation

  • Domenico Monacis & Athos Trecroci & Pietro Luigi Invernizzi & Dario Colella, 2022. "Can Enjoyment and Physical Self-Perception Mediate the Relationship between BMI and Levels of Physical Activity? Preliminary Results from the Regional Observatory of Motor Development in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:12567-:d:931534
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mikel Vaquero-Solís & Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano & David Hortigüela-Alcalá & Manuel Jacob Sierra-Díaz & Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel, 2021. "Physical Activity and Quality of Life in High School Students: Proposals for Improving the Self-Concept in Physical Education," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Athos Trecroci & Pietro Luigi Invernizzi & Domenico Monacis & Dario Colella, 2021. "Actual and Perceived Motor Competence in Relation to Body Mass Index in Primary School-Aged Children: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-20, September.
    3. Raúl Baños & Julio Fuentesal & Luis Conte & María del Mar Ortiz-Camacho & Jorge Zamarripa, 2020. "Satisfaction, Enjoyment and Boredom with Physical Education as Mediator between Autonomy Support and Academic Performance in Physical Education," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-10, November.
    4. Juha Kokkonen & Arto Gråstén & John Quay & Marja Kokkonen, 2020. "Contribution of Motivational Climates and Social Competence in Physical Education on Overall Physical Activity: A Self-Determination Theory Approach with a Creative Physical Education Twist," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-16, August.
    5. Laura C. Dapp & Claudia M. Roebers, 2019. "The Mediating Role of Self-Concept between Sports-Related Physical Activity and Mathematical Achievement in Fourth Graders," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-16, July.
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