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Contribution of Motivational Climates and Social Competence in Physical Education on Overall Physical Activity: A Self-Determination Theory Approach with a Creative Physical Education Twist

Author

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  • Juha Kokkonen

    (Faculty of Education, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland)

  • Arto Gråstén

    (Faculty of Sports Science, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
    Faculty of Education, University of Tasmania, Launceston 7248, Australia)

  • John Quay

    (Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia)

  • Marja Kokkonen

    (Faculty of Sports Science, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland)

Abstract

Using a cross-sectional study design, we tested a structural equation model of hypothesized relationships among a group of variables: motivational climate in physical education (PE), students’ social competence in PE, out of-school physical activity (PA) motivation, PA intention and their moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Based on the self-reports of 363 fourth to sixth grade elementary school students (172 girls, 191 boys), the model revealed that the task-involving motivational climate in PE was linked to higher MVPA via cooperation in PE, and also via extrinsic motivation and PA intention. Ego-involving motivational climate was related to higher extrinsic motivation and amotivation, further to higher PA intention and, finally, to higher MVPA. Task-involving motivational climate was positively linked to students’ social competence markers of cooperation and empathy, and negatively to disruptiveness. Ego-involving motivational climate was positively related to disruptiveness and impulsivity, the markers of low social competence. The study showed that the motivational climate and co-operational aspect of social competence both played significant roles in students’ PA motivation, PA intention and MVPA. A pedagogical model that brings the learning of social competence relevant skills to the fore is creative physical education (CPE). Analysis of CPE is provided which highlights teaching behaviors which contribute to the students’ MVPA through motivational climates, co-operation, PA motivation and PA intention.

Suggested Citation

  • Juha Kokkonen & Arto Gråstén & John Quay & Marja Kokkonen, 2020. "Contribution of Motivational Climates and Social Competence in Physical Education on Overall Physical Activity: A Self-Determination Theory Approach with a Creative Physical Education Twist," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-16, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:16:p:5885-:d:398706
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    2. Jinlong Su & Zhen Wu & Yanjie Su, 2018. "Physical Exercise Predicts Social Competence and General Well-Being in Chinese Children 10 to 15 Years Old: a Preliminary Study," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(6), pages 1935-1949, December.
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    1. Domenico Monacis & Athos Trecroci & Pietro Luigi Invernizzi & Dario Colella, 2022. "Can Enjoyment and Physical Self-Perception Mediate the Relationship between BMI and Levels of Physical Activity? Preliminary Results from the Regional Observatory of Motor Development in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, October.
    2. Antonio Granero-Gallegos, 2020. "New Developments in Physical Education and Sport," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Salvador Baena-Morales & Daniel Jerez-Mayorga & Pedro Delgado-Floody & Jesús Martínez-Martínez, 2021. "Sustainable Development Goals and Physical Education. A Proposal for Practice-Based Models," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-17, February.

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