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HOMA Index, Vitamin D Levels, Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Juvenile Obesity: Data from the CHILT III Programme, Cologne

Author

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  • Annika Fraemke

    (Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

  • Nina Ferrari

    (Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany
    Cologne Center for Prevention in Childhood and Youth/Heart Center Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany)

  • David Friesen

    (Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

  • Fabiola Haas

    (Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

  • Marlen Klaudius

    (Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

  • Esther Mahabir

    (Comparative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany)

  • Lisa Schmidt

    (Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

  • Christine Joisten

    (Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

Abstract

Juvenile obesity is associated with insulin resistance, among other comorbidities. In the pathogenesis of insulin-resistance-related diseases, including obesity and diabetes, Vitamin D deficiency is very common. Therefore, the relationship between insulin resistance, body composition, vitamin D level, and cardiorespiratory fitness in obese children and youth were analyzed based on the Children’s Health InterventionaL Trial III project, Germany. Data on vitamin D levels and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) indices were available from 147 participants (52.4% female; 90.5% obese; 12.3 ± 2.3 years, BMI: 30.5 ± 5.2 kg/m 2 , BMI standard deviation score (BMI-SDS): 2.52 ± 0.46). Vitamin D levels correlated negatively with the HOMA index, BMI, BMI-SDS, abdominal circumference, and body fat percentage but positively with relative cardiorespiratory fitness ( p < 0.05 in each case). In the backward stepwise linear regression analysis, body fat (in kg; β = 0.403) and vitamin D levels (β = −0.154) explained 21.0% of the variance in the HOMA index. In summary, increased body fat and lower vitamin D levels are associated with increased HOMA indices in overweight and obese children and adolescents. In order to prevent potential negative consequences, including the development of manifest Type 2 diabetes, a healthy lifestyle with a vitamin-D-enriched diet and more time spent outdoors should be promoted.

Suggested Citation

  • Annika Fraemke & Nina Ferrari & David Friesen & Fabiola Haas & Marlen Klaudius & Esther Mahabir & Lisa Schmidt & Christine Joisten, 2022. "HOMA Index, Vitamin D Levels, Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Juvenile Obesity: Data from the CHILT III Programme, Cologne," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-10, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:4:p:2442-:d:753961
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nina Eisenburger & David Friesen & Fabiola Haas & Marlen Klaudius & Lisa Schmidt & Susanne Vandeven & Christine Joisten, 2021. "Predicting Psychosocial Health of Children and Adolescents with Obesity in Germany: The Underappreciated Role of Physical Fitness," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-11, October.
    2. Athos Trecroci & Pietro Luigi Invernizzi & Domenico Monacis & Dario Colella, 2021. "Actual and Perceived Motor Competence in Relation to Body Mass Index in Primary School-Aged Children: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-20, September.
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