IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i16p8461-d612026.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Relationship between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Anthropometric Measurements among Saudi Female Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Abeer Ahmad Bahathig

    (Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
    Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Home Economic, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia)

  • Hazizi Abu Saad

    (Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia)

  • Nor Baizura Md Yusop

    (Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia)

  • Nurul Husna Mohd Shukri

    (Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia)

  • Maha M. Essam El-Din

    (Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Home Economic, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt)

Abstract

Overweight and obesity are becoming increasingly prevalent among children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia and are an emerging cause of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Lifestyle factors, such as insufficient levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviors, are responsible for the increased prevalence of NCDs. This study aimed to determine the association between physical activity levels, sedentary behaviors, and anthropometric measurements in Saudi female adolescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 399 healthy female adolescent students aged 13–14 years in Arar, Saudi Arabia. The participants were randomly selected from different schools and their anthropometric measurements were determined. The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) and the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire (ASAQ) were used to assess their physical activity levels and sedentary behaviors, and an analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS software version 25. A multiple linear regression model was used to determine the association between the variables. The majority of the participants had a normal body mass index (BMI; 79.4%) and waist circumference (WC; 62.4%). A total of 74.4% had waist to height ratio (WHtR) < 0.5. About 92.7% of the participants were not meeting PA recommendations of 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily. The overall mean time spent on sedentary activities was high on both weekdays and weekend days at 357.64 ± 86.29 and 470.51 ± 147.64 min/day, respectively. Moreover, anthropometric measurement (BMI) was positively associated with age and negatively associated with sedentary behavior on weekends, while WHtR was positively associated with age. The multiple linear regression analysis also showed that age and sedentary behavior significantly predicted BMI among the study participants (F (2, 396) = 4.346, p < 0.014) and age was the only significant predictor of WHtR (F (1, 397) = 16.191, p ≤ 0.001). This study revealed that most of the female Saudi adolescents undertook low levels of activity and high levels of sedentary behaviors. Sedentary behaviors were significantly associated with their BMI. Accordingly, an intervention program on healthy lifestyles is important to improve Saudi female adolescents’ lifestyles.

Suggested Citation

  • Abeer Ahmad Bahathig & Hazizi Abu Saad & Nor Baizura Md Yusop & Nurul Husna Mohd Shukri & Maha M. Essam El-Din, 2021. "Relationship between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Anthropometric Measurements among Saudi Female Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-14, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8461-:d:612026
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/16/8461/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/16/8461/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mikel Vaquero-Solís & Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano & David Hortigüela-Alcalá & Manuel Jacob Sierra-Díaz & Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel, 2021. "Physical Activity and Quality of Life in High School Students: Proposals for Improving the Self-Concept in Physical Education," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Ahmad H. Alghadir & Zaheen A. Iqbal & Sami A. Gabr, 2020. "Differences among Saudi and Expatriate Students: Body Composition Indices, Sitting Time Associated with Media Use and Physical Activity Pattern," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-11, January.
    3. José Ignacio Baile & Raquel María Guevara & María José González-Calderón & José David Urchaga, 2020. "The Relationship between Weight Status, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Life Satisfaction in a Sample of Spanish Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-9, April.
    4. Gerson Ferrari & Adilson Marques & Tiago V. Barreira & Irina Kovalskys & Georgina Gómez & Attilio Rigotti & Lilia Yadira Cortés & Martha Cecilia Yépez García & Rossina G. Pareja & Marianella Herrera-C, 2021. "Accelerometer-Measured Daily Step Counts and Adiposity Indicators among Latin American Adults: A Multi-Country Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-11, April.
    5. Muhamad Hasrol Mohd Ashri & Hazizi Abu Saad & Siti Nur’Asyura Adznam, 2021. "Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life among Government Employees in Putrajaya, Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-17, March.
    6. Abdelhamid Kerkadi & Abdelmonem H. Sadig & Hiba Bawadi & Al Anoud Mohammed Al Thani & Walaa Al Chetachi & Hammad Akram & Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa & Abdulrahman O. Musaiger, 2019. "The Relationship between Lifestyle Factors and Obesity Indices among Adolescents in Qatar," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-15, November.
    7. repec:mpr:mprres:8148 is not listed on IDEAS
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jesús Granero-Jiménez & María Mar López-Rodríguez & Iria Dobarrio-Sanz & Alda Elena Cortés-Rodríguez, 2022. "Influence of Physical Exercise on Psychological Well-Being of Young Adults: A Quantitative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Abeer Ahmad Bahathig & Hazizi Abu Saad, 2022. "The Effects of a Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Body Image Intervention on Girls in Intermediate Schools in Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-15, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Esraa Burahmah & Sivaramkumar Shanmugam & Ben Stansfield, 2023. "Full-Day Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Levels of Typically Developing Children and Adolescents in the Middle East: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(20), pages 1-29, October.
    2. Qikang Zhong & Bo Li & Tian Dong, 2024. "Building sustainable slow communities: the impact of built environments on leisure-time physical activities in Shanghai," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-21, December.
    3. Ibrahim Alasqah & Ilias Mahmud & Leah East & Nada Alqarawi & Kim Usher, 2021. "Dietary Behavior of Adolescents in the Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia: A Comparison between Cities with and without the Healthy Cities Program," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-13, September.
    4. Lucia Kvasková & Karel Rečka & Stanislav Ježek & Petr Macek, 2022. "Time Spent on Daily Activities and Its Association with Life Satisfaction among Czech Adolescents from 1992 to 2019," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-14, August.
    5. Dolores Escrivá & Esther Moreno-Latorre & Jordi Caplliure-Llopis & Inmaculada Benet & Carlos Barrios, 2021. "Relationship of Overweight and Obesity with Body Self-Image Dissatisfaction in Urban Mediterranean Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-12, July.
    6. Chi-Chieh Hsu & Ming Gu & Tian-Shyug Lee & Chi-Jie Lu, 2020. "The Effects of Daily Sleep Condition on Performances of Physical Fitness among Taiwanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-12, March.
    7. Mohd Rizal Abdul Manaf & Azmawati Mohammed Nawi & Noorlaili Mohd Tauhid & Hanita Othman & Mohd Rizam Abdul Rahman & Hanizah Mohd Yusoff & Nazarudin Safian & Pei Yuen Ng & Zahara Abdul Manaf & Nor Ba’y, 2021. "Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life amongst Employees in a Malaysian Public University," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-19, October.
    8. Mohd Helma Rusyda & Nor Ba’yah Abdul Kadir & Wan Nur Khairunnisa Ismail & Siti Jamiaah Abdul Jalil & Nurul-Azza Abdullah & Arena Che Kasim & Suzana Mohd. Hoesni & Mohd Rizal Abdul Manaf, 2022. "Identifying the Psychometric Properties of the Malay Version of the WHOQOL-BREF among Employees with Obesity Problem," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-13, June.
    9. Adel A. Alhusaini & Ganeswara Rao Melam & Syamala Buragadda, 2020. "Cross-Cultural Variation in BMI, Sedentary Behavior, and Physical Activity in International School Girls Residing in Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-9, March.
    10. Domenico Monacis & Athos Trecroci & Pietro Luigi Invernizzi & Dario Colella, 2022. "Can Enjoyment and Physical Self-Perception Mediate the Relationship between BMI and Levels of Physical Activity? Preliminary Results from the Regional Observatory of Motor Development in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, October.
    11. Diego Herreros-Irarrázabal & Juan Guzmán-Habinger & Sandra Mahecha Matsudo & Irina Kovalskys & Georgina Gómez & Attilio Rigotti & Lilia Yadira Cortés & Martha Cecilia Yépez García & Rossina G. Pareja , 2021. "Association between Active Transportation and Public Transport with an Objectively Measured Meeting of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity and Daily Steps Guidelines in Adults by Sex from Eight Lat," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-12, November.
    12. Ahmad H. Alghadir & Sami A. Gabr & Zaheen A. Iqbal, 2020. "Effect of Gender, Physical Activity and Stress-Related Hormones on Adolescent’s Academic Achievements," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-14, June.
    13. Sohaila Cheema & Amit Abraham & Katie G. El-Nahas & Rasha Abou-Amona & Abdulla O. Al-Hamaq & Patrick Maisonneuve & Karima Chaabna & Albert B. Lowenfels & Ravinder Mamtani, 2022. "Assessment of Overweight, Obesity, Central Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes among Adolescents in Qatar: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-12, November.
    14. Liwang Gao & Jiang Zhu & Liang Wang & Li Ming Wen & Zhuo Chen & Bingtong Zhao & Weidong Wang & Youfa Wang, 2022. "Interactions between Self-Perceived Weight Status and Lifestyle Behaviors and Their Associations with Childhood Obesity: Results from the Childhood Obesity Study in China Mega-Cities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-12, August.
    15. Ahmad H. Alghadir & Zaheen A. Iqbal & Sami A. Gabr, 2021. "The Relationships of Watching Television, Computer Use, Physical Activity, and Food Preferences to Body Mass Index: Gender and Nativity Differences among Adolescents in Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-12, September.
    16. José E. Moral-Garcia & Alfredo Jiménez & Antonio S. Cabaco & Alfredo Jiménez-Eguizabal, 2021. "The Role of Physical Activity and School Physical Education in Enhancing School Satisfaction and Life Satisfaction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-13, February.
    17. Ellen S. Mitchell & Qiuchen Yang & Heather Behr & Annabell Ho & Laura DeLuca & Christine N. May & Andreas Michaelides, 2021. "Psychosocial Characteristics by Weight Loss and Engagement in a Digital Intervention Supporting Self-Management of Weight," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-17, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8461-:d:612026. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.