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Seasonal Impacts of Particulate Matter Levels on Bike Sharing in Seoul, South Korea

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  • Hyungkyoo Kim

    (Department of Urban Design and Planning, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04066, Korea)

Abstract

Bike sharing is increasingly attracting more riders in cities around the world for its benefits regarding the urban environment and public health. The public bike sharing program of Seoul, South Korea, first launched in October 2015, is now widely spread around the city and serves more than 27,000 riders daily. However, concerns are being raised as rising air pollution levels in Seoul, represented by particulate matter (PM) levels, in recent years may negatively discourage citizens from using bike sharing. This study investigates the impact of PM 10 and PM 2.5 levels on bike sharing use in Seoul and seeks to identify any seasonal differences. A series of negative binomial regression models, which take into account control variables like weather conditions and calendar events, are adopted to empirically measure the impacts. Results show that the PM levels yield statistically significant negative impacts ( p < 0.01) on bike sharing use throughout the year. The impacts are particularly stronger in winter and spring, when the PM levels are higher. Findings suggest that PM levels may operate as driving factors for bike sharing use in addition to meteorological conditions like temperature, humidity, and precipitation.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyungkyoo Kim, 2020. "Seasonal Impacts of Particulate Matter Levels on Bike Sharing in Seoul, South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:11:p:3999-:d:367426
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Jeemin Youn & Hyungkyoo Kim & Jaekyung Lee, 2023. "Relationships between Thermal Environment and Air Pollution of Seoul’s 25 Districts Using Vector Autoregressive Granger Causality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Hyeongjin Ahn & Eunil Park, 2022. "For sustainable development in the transportation sector: Determinants of acceptance of sustainable transportation using the innovation diffusion theory and technology acceptance model," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(5), pages 1169-1183, October.
    3. Yoo, Eun-Hye & Roberts, John E. & Suh, YongHun, 2024. "Delayed effects of air pollution on public bike-sharing system use in Seoul, South Korea: A time series analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 352(C).
    4. Li-Ting Chen & Ya-Wen Hsu, 2020. "Socio-Ecological Predictors of Frequent Bike Share Trips: Do Purposes Matter?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-16, October.
    5. Choi, Seung Jun & Jiao, Junfeng & Lee, Hye Kyung & Farahi, Arya, 2023. "Combatting the mismatch: Modeling bike-sharing rental and return machine learning classification forecast in Seoul, South Korea," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).

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