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Child-To-Parent Violence: Which Parenting Style Is More Protective? A Study with Spanish Adolescents

Author

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  • Cristian Suárez-Relinque

    (Department of Education and Social Psychology, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Seville, Spain)

  • Gonzalo del Moral Arroyo

    (Department of Education and Social Psychology, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Seville, Spain)

  • Celeste León-Moreno

    (Department of Education and Social Psychology, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Seville, Spain)

  • Juan Evaristo Callejas Jerónimo

    (Department of Education and Social Psychology, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Seville, Spain)

Abstract

The link between parenting style and violent behavior during adolescence has become a relevant topic of research over the last few years. In order to deepen the understanding of this relationship, the aim of the present study was to examine what type of parenting style (authoritative, indulgent, authoritarian, and neglectful) is more protective against child-to-parent violence (CPV). A total of 2112 adolescents of both sexes participated in this study (50.2% men and 49.8% women), aged between 12 and 18 years ( M = 14. 72, SD = 1.55). A multivariate factorial design (MANOVA, 4 × 2 × 3) was applied using parenting style, sex, and age group (12–14, 15–16, and 17–18 years) as independent variables and dimensions of CPV (physical and verbal aggression against the mother and father) as dependent variables. As shown in the results, the lowest scores on all the dimensions of CPV examined corresponded to the adolescents from indulgent families. Further, two interaction effects were observed between parenting style and age in verbal aggression against the mother and verbal aggression against the father. Regarding these effects, the adolescents from indulgent families obtained the lowest scores in two of the three age groups analyzed (12–14 years and 15–16 years). In the 17–18 years group, adolescents from authoritative families obtained similar but lower values than those coming from families with an indulgent style of parenting. These findings suggest that indulgent style is the most protective parenting style against CPV and also highlight the importance of affective warmth, emotional nurturance, and support giving in preventing CPV.

Suggested Citation

  • Cristian Suárez-Relinque & Gonzalo del Moral Arroyo & Celeste León-Moreno & Juan Evaristo Callejas Jerónimo, 2019. "Child-To-Parent Violence: Which Parenting Style Is More Protective? A Study with Spanish Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:8:p:1320-:d:222254
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. María Del Milagro Aymerich & Gonzalo Musitu & Francisco Palmero, 2018. "Family Socialisation Styles and Hostility in the Adolescent Population," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-12, August.
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    4. Ibabe, Izaskun & Jaureguizar, Joana, 2010. "Child-to-parent violence: Profile of abusive adolescents and their families," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 38(4), pages 616-624, July.
    5. Oscar F. Garcia & Emilia Serra, 2019. "Raising Children with Poor School Performance: Parenting Styles and Short- and Long-Term Consequences for Adolescent and Adult Development," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-24, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. María C. Fuentes & Rafael García-Ros & Francisco Pérez-González & Dolores Sancerni, 2019. "Effects of Parenting Styles on Self-Regulated Learning and Academic Stress in Spanish Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Belén Martínez-Ferrer & Celeste León-Moreno & Daniel Musitu-Ferrer & Ana Romero-Abrio & Juan Evaristo Callejas-Jerónimo & Gonzalo Musitu-Ochoa, 2019. "Parental Socialization, School Adjustment and Cyber-Aggression among Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-14, October.
    3. Inge Axpe & Arantzazu Rodríguez-Fernández & Eider Goñi & Iratxe Antonio-Agirre, 2019. "Parental Socialization Styles: The Contribution of Paternal and Maternal Affect/Communication and Strictness to Family Socialization Style," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-16, June.
    4. Daniel Musitu-Ferrer & Celeste León-Moreno & Juan Evaristo Callejas-Jerónimo & Macarena Esteban-Ibáñez & Gonzalo Musitu-Ochoa, 2019. "Relationships between Parental Socialization Styles, Empathy and Connectedness with Nature: Their Implications in Environmentalism," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-20, July.
    5. Teresa Isabel Jiménez & Estefanía Estévez & Coral M. Velilla & José Martín-Albo & María Luisa Martínez, 2019. "Family Communication and Verbal Child-to-Parent Violence among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-13, November.
    6. María Muñiz-Rivas & María Vera & Amapola Povedano-Díaz, 2019. "Parental Style, Dating Violence and Gender," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-16, July.
    7. Weigang Pan & Baixue Gao & Yihong Long & Yue Teng & Tong Yue, 2021. "Effect of Caregivers’ Parenting Styles on the Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Left-Behind Children: The Parallel Mediating Role of Self-Control," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-14, December.
    8. Isabel Martinez & Fernando Garcia & Feliciano Veiga & Oscar F. Garcia & Yara Rodrigues & Emilia Serra, 2020. "Parenting Styles, Internalization of Values and Self-Esteem: A Cross-Cultural Study in Spain, Portugal and Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-18, March.

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