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Using CPE Function to Size Capacitor Storage for Electric Vehicles and Quantifying Battery Degradation during Different Driving Cycles

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  • Cong Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China)

  • Haitao Min

    (State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China)

  • Yuanbin Yu

    (State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China)

  • Dai Wang

    (Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA)

  • Justin Luke

    (Engineering Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA)

  • Daniel Opila

    (Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA)

  • Samveg Saxena

    (Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA)

Abstract

Range anxiety and battery cycle life are two major factors which restrict the development of electric vehicles. Battery degradation can be reduced by adding supercapacitors to create a Hybrid Energy Storage System. This paper proposes a systematic approach to configure the hybrid energy storage system and quantifies the battery degradation for electric vehicles when using supercapacitors. A continuous power-energy function is proposed to establish supercapacitor size based on national household travel survey statistics. By analyzing continuous driving action in standard driving cycles and special driving phases (start up and acceleration), the supercapacitor size is calculated to provide a compromise between the capacitor size and battery degradation. Estimating the battery degradation after 10 years, the battery capacity loss value decreases 17.55% and 21.6%, respectively, under the urban dynamometer driving schedule and the US06. Furthermore, the battery lifespan of the continuous power-energy configured system is prolonged 28.62% and 31.39%, respectively, compared with the battery alone system.

Suggested Citation

  • Cong Zhang & Haitao Min & Yuanbin Yu & Dai Wang & Justin Luke & Daniel Opila & Samveg Saxena, 2016. "Using CPE Function to Size Capacitor Storage for Electric Vehicles and Quantifying Battery Degradation during Different Driving Cycles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-23, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:11:p:903-:d:81920
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Wang, Yujie & Sun, Zhendong & Chen, Zonghai, 2019. "Energy management strategy for battery/supercapacitor/fuel cell hybrid source vehicles based on finite state machine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    3. Mario Marchesoni & Massimiliano Passalacqua & Luis Vaccaro, 2020. "A Refined Loss Evaluation of a Three-Switch Double Input DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Vehicle Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, January.
    4. Haitao Min & Changlu Lai & Yuanbin Yu & Tao Zhu & Cong Zhang, 2017. "Comparison Study of Two Semi-Active Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Applications and Their Experimental Validation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-20, February.
    5. Cong Zhang & Dai Wang & Bin Wang & Fan Tong, 2020. "Battery Degradation Minimization-Oriented Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-21, January.

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