IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i9p3762-d1134947.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

On the Thermal Stability of a Counter-Current Fixed-Bed Gasifier

Author

Listed:
  • Marco Mancini

    (Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Fuel Technology, Clausthal University of Technology, Agricolastrasse 4, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany)

  • Andreas Schwabauer

    (Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Fuel Technology, Clausthal University of Technology, Agricolastrasse 4, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany)

Abstract

In recent years, gasification gained attention again, both as an industrial application and as a research topic. This trend has led to the necessity to understand the process and optimize reactors for various materials and configurations. In this article, the thermal structure of a counter-current reactor is investigated to demonstrate that constraints on the temperature mainly determine the oxidation and the pyrolysis region. A non-dimensional set of equations is written and numerically solved using the method of lines (MOL) with spatial discretization based on a spectral algorithm. The results show that four thermal structures can be identified, two of which are the most common ones found in reactors of practical applications. Two stationary operation positions have been determined, one in the upper and one in the lower part of the reactor. Existence and stability conditions have been discussed based on non-dimensional parameters. The knowledge derived from this analysis was applied to two configurations, one typical of a biomass gasifier and one proposed for waste gasification.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Mancini & Andreas Schwabauer, 2023. "On the Thermal Stability of a Counter-Current Fixed-Bed Gasifier," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-36, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:9:p:3762-:d:1134947
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3762/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3762/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ronald W. Breault, 2010. "Gasification Processes Old and New: A Basic Review of the Major Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 3(2), pages 1-25, February.
    2. Yong Huang & Yiling Wan & Shasha Liu & Yimeng Zhang & Huanhuan Ma & Shu Zhang & Jianbin Zhou, 2019. "A Downdraft Fixed-Bed Biomass Gasification System with Integrated Products of Electricity, Heat, and Biochar: The Key Features and Initial Commercial Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-9, August.
    3. Fugang Zhu & Laihong Shen & Pengcheng Xu & Haoran Yuan & Ming Hu & Jingwei Qi & Yong Chen, 2022. "Numerical Simulation of an Improved Updraft Biomass Gasifier Based on Aspen Plus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Pulla Rose Havilah & Amit Kumar Sharma & Gopalakrishnan Govindasamy & Leonidas Matsakas & Alok Patel, 2022. "Biomass Gasification in Downdraft Gasifiers: A Technical Review on Production, Up-Gradation and Application of Synthesis Gas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-19, May.
    5. Wang, Chao & Zhu, Lianfeng & Zhang, Mengjuan & Han, Zhennan & Jia, Xin & Bai, Dingrong & Duo, Wenli & Bi, Xiaotao & Abudula, Abuliti & Guan, Guoqing & Xu, Guangwen, 2022. "A two-stage circulated fluidized bed process to minimize tar generation of biomass gasification for fuel gas production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    6. Alessandro Antonio Papa & Andrea Di Carlo & Enrico Bocci & Luca Taglieri & Luca Del Zotto & Alberto Gallifuoco, 2021. "Energy Analysis of an Integrated Plant: Fluidized Bed Steam Gasification of Hydrothermally Treated Biomass Coupled to Solid Oxide Fuel Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-13, November.
    7. Yuan Wang & Youzhen Yang, 2022. "Research on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Economic Assessment of Biomass Gasification Power Generation Technology in China Based on LCA Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-11, December.
    8. Jakub Mularski & Norbert Modliński, 2021. "Entrained-Flow Coal Gasification Process Simulation with the Emphasis on Empirical Char Conversion Models Optimization Procedure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-20, March.
    9. Nicole Carina Preisner & Marc Linder, 2020. "A Moving Bed Reactor for Thermochemical Energy Storage Based on Metal Oxides," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-20, March.
    10. Chamseddine Guizani & Mejdi Jeguirim & Sylvie Valin & Lionel Limousy & Sylvain Salvador, 2017. "Biomass Chars: The Effects of Pyrolysis Conditions on Their Morphology, Structure, Chemical Properties and Reactivity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-18, June.
    11. Michela Costa & Maurizio La Villetta & Daniele Piazzullo & Domenico Cirillo, 2021. "A Phenomenological Model of a Downdraft Biomass Gasifier Flexible to the Feedstock Composition and the Reactor Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-29, July.
    12. Andreas Schwabauer & Marco Mancini & Yunus Poyraz & Roman Weber, 2021. "On the Mathematical Modelling of a Moving-Bed Counter-Current Gasifier Fuelled with Wood-Pellets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-24, September.
    13. Aleksander Sobolewski & Tomasz Chmielniak & Joanna Bigda & Tomasz Billig & Rafał Fryza & Józef Popowicz, 2022. "Closing of Carbon Cycle by Waste Gasification for Circular Economy Implementation in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-23, July.
    14. Ghorbani, Saba & Atashkari, Kazem & Borji, Mehdi, 2022. "Three-stage model-based evaluation of a downdraft biomass gasifier," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 734-745.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Giulio Allesina & Simone Pedrazzi, 2021. "Barriers to Success: A Technical Review on the Limits and Possible Future Roles of Small Scale Gasifiers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-23, October.
    2. Savelii Kukharets & Gennadii Golub & Marek Wrobel & Olena Sukmaniuk & Krzysztof Mudryk & Taras Hutsol & Algirdas Jasinskas & Marcin Jewiarz & Jonas Cesna & Iryna Horetska, 2022. "A Theoretical Model of the Gasification Rate of Biomass and Its Experimental Confirmation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-15, October.
    3. Xia Liu & Juntao Wei & Wei Huo & Guangsuo Yu, 2017. "Gasification under CO 2 –Steam Mixture: Kinetic Model Study Based on Shared Active Sites," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-10, November.
    4. Mehrdad Massoudi & Ping Wang, 2013. "Slag Behavior in Gasifiers. Part II: Constitutive Modeling of Slag," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-32, February.
    5. Meerman, J.C. & Ramírez, A. & Turkenburg, W.C. & Faaij, A.P.C., 2011. "Performance of simulated flexible integrated gasification polygeneration facilities. Part A: A technical-energetic assessment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 2563-2587, August.
    6. Daniele Basso & Elsa Weiss-Hortala & Francesco Patuzzi & Marco Baratieri & Luca Fiori, 2018. "In Deep Analysis on the Behavior of Grape Marc Constituents during Hydrothermal Carbonization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-19, May.
    7. Gyeong-Min Kim & Dae-Gyun Lee & Chung-Hwan Jeon, 2019. "Fundamental Characteristics and Kinetic Analysis of Lignocellulosic Woody and Herbaceous Biomass Fuels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-16, March.
    8. Waheed A. Rasaq & Mateusz Golonka & Miklas Scholz & Andrzej Białowiec, 2021. "Opportunities and Challenges of High-Pressure Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-20, August.
    9. Ping Wang & Mehrdad Massoudi, 2013. "Slag Behavior in Gasifiers. Part I: Influence of Coal Properties and Gasification Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-23, February.
    10. Fugang Zhu & Laihong Shen & Pengcheng Xu & Haoran Yuan & Ming Hu & Jingwei Qi & Yong Chen, 2022. "Numerical Simulation of an Improved Updraft Biomass Gasifier Based on Aspen Plus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-11, December.
    11. Krzysztof M. Czajka, 2021. "Gasification of Coal by CO 2 : The Impact of the Heat Transfer Limitation on the Progress, Reaction Rate and Kinetics of the Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-22, September.
    12. Koytsoumpa, Efthymia Ioanna & Karellas, Sotirios, 2018. "Equilibrium and kinetic aspects for catalytic methanation focusing on CO2 derived Substitute Natural Gas (SNG)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 536-550.
    13. Amna Abdeljaoued & Nausika Querejeta & Inés Durán & Noelia Álvarez-Gutiérrez & Covadonga Pevida & Mohamed Hachemi Chahbani, 2018. "Preparation and Evaluation of a Coconut Shell-Based Activated Carbon for CO 2 /CH 4 Separation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-14, July.
    14. Ye-Eun Lee & I-Tae Kim & Yeong-Seok Yoo, 2018. "Stabilization of High-Organic-Content Water Treatment Sludge by Pyrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-14, November.
    15. Jinsu Kim & Hyunmin Oh & Seokyoung Lee & Young-Seek Yoon, 2018. "Advanced One-Dimensional Entrained-Flow Gasifier Model Considering Melting Phenomenon of Ash," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-14, April.
    16. Shi-Xiang Zhao & Na Ta & Xu-Dong Wang, 2017. "Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Biochar with Apple Tree Branches as Feedstock Material," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-15, August.
    17. Qi, Jingwei & Wang, Yijie & Xu, Pengcheng & Hu, Ming & Huhe, Taoli & Ling, Xiang & Yuan, Haoran & Chen, Yong, 2024. "Study on the Co-gasification characteristics of biomass and municipal solid waste based on machine learning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    18. Besma Khiari & Mejdi Jeguirim, 2018. "Pyrolysis of Grape Marc from Tunisian Wine Industry: Feedstock Characterization, Thermal Degradation and Kinetic Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-14, March.
    19. Helena G. M. F. Gomes & Manuel A. A. Matos & Luís A. C. Tarelho, 2023. "Influence of Oxygen/Steam Addition on the Quality of Producer Gas during Direct (Air) Gasification of Residual Forest Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-20, March.
    20. Md Sumon Reza & Zhanar Baktybaevna Iskakova & Shammya Afroze & Kairat Kuterbekov & Asset Kabyshev & Kenzhebatyr Zh. Bekmyrza & Marzhan M. Kubenova & Muhammad Saifullah Abu Bakar & Abul K. Azad & Hrido, 2023. "Influence of Catalyst on the Yield and Quality of Bio-Oil for the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-39, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:9:p:3762-:d:1134947. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.