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Supercritical Water Gasification of Coconut Shell Impregnated with a Nickel Nanocatalyst: Box–Behnken Design and Process Evaluation

Author

Listed:
  • Marcela M. Marcelino

    (Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil)

  • Gary A. Leeke

    (School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK)

  • Guozhan Jiang

    (School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK)

  • Jude A. Onwudili

    (Energy & Bioproducts Research Institute, School of Infrastructure & Sustainable Engineering, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK)

  • Carine T. Alves

    (Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil
    Departamento de Engenharia de Energia, Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Feira de Santana 44085-132, Brazil
    Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Campus Universitário Federação/Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Delano M. de Santana

    (Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil
    Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Campus Universitário Federação/Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Felipe A. Torres

    (Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil
    Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Campus Universitário Federação/Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40170-115, Brazil
    Departamento de Sistemas Mecânicos, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas 44380-000, Brazil)

  • Ednildo A. Torres

    (Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil
    Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Campus Universitário Federação/Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Silvio A. B. Vieira de Melo

    (Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil
    Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Campus Universitário Federação/Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

Abstract

The energy conversion of nickel-impregnated coconut shells using supercritical water has not yet been explored. The impregnation process was conducted at room temperature and a pH of 5.80 for 72 h. Characterization of the prepared sample confirmed the presence of nickel nanoparticles with an average size of 7.15 nm. The gasification of control and impregnated samples was performed at 400–500 °C, biomass loading from 20 to 30 wt% and residence time from 20 to 60 min. The response surface methodology (RSM) approach, with a Box–Behnken method, was used to design the experiments. The optimization model showed that the non-catalytic process at 500 °C, 60 min and 20 wt% of biomass loading could promote an H 2 yield of 8.8 mol% and gasification efficiency of 47.6%. The gasification of nickel-impregnated coconut shells showed significantly higher gasification efficiency (58.6%) and hydrogen yield (17.2 mol%) with greater carbon and hydrogen efficiencies (109.4 and 116.9%) when compared to the non-catalytic process. The presence of nickel particles in the biomass matrix as nanocatalysts promoted higher hydrogen production and supercritical water gasification efficiency.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcela M. Marcelino & Gary A. Leeke & Guozhan Jiang & Jude A. Onwudili & Carine T. Alves & Delano M. de Santana & Felipe A. Torres & Ednildo A. Torres & Silvio A. B. Vieira de Melo, 2023. "Supercritical Water Gasification of Coconut Shell Impregnated with a Nickel Nanocatalyst: Box–Behnken Design and Process Evaluation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-34, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:8:p:3563-:d:1128301
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yahaya, Ahmad Zubair & Somalu, Mahendra Rao & Muchtar, Andanastuti & Sulaiman, Shaharin Anwar & Wan Daud, Wan Ramli, 2019. "Effect of particle size and temperature on gasification performance of coconut and palm kernel shells in downdraft fixed-bed reactor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 931-940.
    2. Jayanto Kumar Sarkar & Qingyue Wang, 2020. "Different Pyrolysis Process Conditions of South Asian Waste Coconut Shell and Characterization of Gas, Bio-Char, and Bio-Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Wang, Cui & Li, Linfeng & Chen, Yunan & Ge, Zhiwei & Jin, Hui, 2021. "Supercritical water gasification of wheat straw: Composition of reaction products and kinetic study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Marcela M. Marcelino & Gary A. Leeke & Guozhan Jiang & Jude A. Onwudili & Carine T. Alves & Ana Luiza F. de Sousa & Delano M. de Santana & Felipe A. Torres & Silvio A. B. Vieira de Melo & Ednildo A. T, 2024. "Effect of Nickel Nanocatalyst Loading on Supercritical Water Gasification of Coconut Shell," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-26, February.

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