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Evaluation of the Reactivity of Hematite Oxygen Carriers Modified Using Alkaline (Earth) Metals and Transition Metals for the Chemical Looping Conversion of Lignite

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  • Hsiao Mun Lee

    (School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510640, China)

  • Jiahui Xiong

    (School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510640, China
    Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, China)

  • Xinfei Chen

    (Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, China)

  • Haitao Wang

    (Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, China)

  • Da Song

    (Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, China)

  • Jinlong Xie

    (School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510640, China)

  • Yan Lin

    (Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, China)

  • Ya Xiong

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, China)

  • Zhen Huang

    (Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, China
    State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030000, China)

  • Hongyu Huang

    (Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, China)

Abstract

Chemical looping (CL) technology is a novel technology for the clean and efficient use of energy. Oxygen carriers (OCs) are the cornerstone of CL technology. The development of low–cost, high–performance OCs is crucial for the application of CL conversion. Hematite, one of the natural Fe–based OCs, has several advantages (e.g., low cost and environmental friendliness), but its low reactivity limits its application in CL. The performance of hematite can be effectively improved by modifying some of its active components. This study explored the improvement of hematite reactivity by adding alkaline (earth) metals (K, Na, and Ca) and transition metals (Ni, Cu, and Mn). The crystal phases of the OCs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the results revealed that the addition of metals significantly changed the phase of the original hematite. The active solid solution of K–Fe–O and Na–Fe–O species exhibited strong catalytic activity to facilitate lignite char conversion. The addition of CaO promoted the devolatilization of lignite, while the formation of a solid CaFe 2 O 4 solution with low reactivity inhibited the lattice oxygen release. The presence of CuO/CuFe 2 O 4 in the Cu–modified sample could release a small amount of free O 2 to promote volatile conversion. The high activity phases of NiO and NiFe 2 O 4 in the Ni–modified OCs could improve the reaction activity of hematite. However, the MnFeO 3 phase with low reaction activity was generated in the Mn–modified OC, decreasing the reaction rate of the Mn–modified OC with lignite char.

Suggested Citation

  • Hsiao Mun Lee & Jiahui Xiong & Xinfei Chen & Haitao Wang & Da Song & Jinlong Xie & Yan Lin & Ya Xiong & Zhen Huang & Hongyu Huang, 2023. "Evaluation of the Reactivity of Hematite Oxygen Carriers Modified Using Alkaline (Earth) Metals and Transition Metals for the Chemical Looping Conversion of Lignite," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-16, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:6:p:2662-:d:1095096
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