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Optimal Placement and Sizing of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in a Grid-Tied DC Microgrid Using Modified TLBO Method

Author

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  • Nandini K. Krishnamurthy

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India)

  • Jayalakshmi N. Sabhahit

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India)

  • Vinay Kumar Jadoun

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India)

  • Dattatraya Narayan Gaonkar

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal 575025, Mangalore, India)

  • Ashish Shrivastava

    (Skill Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shri Vishwakarma Skill University, Gurugram 122003, Haryana, India)

  • Vidya S. Rao

    (Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India)

  • Ganesh Kudva

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India)

Abstract

In this work, a DC microgrid consists of a solar photovoltaic, wind power system and fuel cells as sources interlinked with the utility grid. The appropriate sizing and positioning of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) and renewable energy sources (RESs) are concurrently determined to curtail the negative impact of their placement on the distribution network’s operational parameters. The charging station location problem is presented in a multi-objective context comprising voltage stability, reliability, the power loss (VRP) index and cost as objective functions. RES and EVCS location and capacity are chosen as the objective variables. The objective functions are tested on modified IEEE 33 and 123-bus radial distribution systems. The minimum value of cost obtained is USD 2.0250 × 10 6 for the proposed case. The minimum value of the VRP index is obtained by innovative scheme 6, i.e., 9.6985 and 17.34 on 33-bus and 123-bus test systems, respectively. The EVCSs on medium- and large-scale networks are optimally placed at bus numbers 2, 19, 20; 16, 43, and 107. There is a substantial rise in the voltage profile and a decline in the VRP index with RESs’ optimal placement at bus numbers 2, 18, 30; 60, 72, and 102. The location and size of an EVCS and RESs are optimized by the modified teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO) technique, and the results show the effectiveness of RESs in reducing the VRP index using the proposed algorithm.

Suggested Citation

  • Nandini K. Krishnamurthy & Jayalakshmi N. Sabhahit & Vinay Kumar Jadoun & Dattatraya Narayan Gaonkar & Ashish Shrivastava & Vidya S. Rao & Ganesh Kudva, 2023. "Optimal Placement and Sizing of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in a Grid-Tied DC Microgrid Using Modified TLBO Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-27, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:1781-:d:1064683
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Bilal, Mohd & Ahmad, Fareed & Mohammad, Arshad & Rizwan, Mohammad, 2025. "Techno-economic evaluation and sensitivity analysis of renewable energy based designing of plug-in electric vehicle load considering load following strategy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PC).
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    4. Minh Phuc Duong & My-Ha Le & Thang Trung Nguyen & Minh Quan Duong & Anh Tuan Doan, 2025. "Economic and Technical Aspects of Power Grids with Electric Vehicle Charge Stations, Sustainable Energies, and Compensators," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-32, January.
    5. Yi’an Wang & Zhe Wu & Dong Ni, 2024. "Large-Scale Optimization among Photovoltaic and Concentrated Solar Power Systems: A State-of-the-Art Review and Algorithm Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-38, August.
    6. Spyridon Chapaloglou & Babak Abdolmaleki & Elisabetta Tedeschi, 2023. "Optimal Generation Capacity Allocation and Droop Control Design for Current Sharing in DC Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-17, June.
    7. Thangaraj Yuvaraj & Thirukoilur Dhandapani Suresh & Arokiasamy Ananthi Christy & Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu & Benedetto Nastasi, 2023. "Modelling and Allocation of Hydrogen-Fuel-Cell-Based Distributed Generation to Mitigate Electric Vehicle Charging Station Impact and Reliability Analysis on Electrical Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-31, September.
    8. Polisetty, S.P.R. Swamy & Jayanthi, R. & Sai Veerraju, M., 2023. "An intelligent optimal charging stations placement on the grid system for the electric vehicle application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).

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