IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i8p2810-d792177.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Novel Microgrid Islanding Detection Algorithm Based on a Multi-Feature Improved LSTM

Author

Listed:
  • Yan Xia

    (School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin 644000, China
    Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin 644000, China)

  • Feihong Yu

    (School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin 644000, China
    Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin 644000, China)

  • Xingzhong Xiong

    (School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin 644000, China
    Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin 644000, China)

  • Qinyuan Huang

    (School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin 644000, China)

  • Qijun Zhou

    (State Grid Ganzi Electric Power Supply Company, Kangding 626700, China)

Abstract

Islanding detection is one of the conditions necessary for the safe operation of the microgrid. The detection technology should provide the ability to differentiate islanded operations from power grid disturbances effectively. Given that it is difficult to set the fault threshold using the passive detection method, and because the traditional active detection method affects the output power quality, a microgrid islanding detection method based on the Sliding Window Discrete Fourier Transform (SDFT)-Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network optimized by an attention mechanism is proposed. In this paper, the inverter output current and voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) are transformed by the SDFT. The positive sequence, zero sequence, and negative sequence components of voltage and current harmonics are calculated and reconstructed by adopting the symmetrical component method (SCM). Meanwhile, the current and voltage are decomposed into a mono intrinsic mode function (IMF). The symmetric components of voltage, current, and IMFs are used as inputs to the deep learning algorithm. An LSTM with the features extracted to classify islanding and grid disturbance is proposed. By using the attention mechanism to set the weight values of the features of hidden states obtained by the LSTM network, the proportion of important features increases, which improves the classification effect. MATLAB/Simulink simulation results indicate that the proposed method can effectively classify the islanding state under different working conditions with an accuracy level of 98.4% and a loss value of 0.0725 with a maximal detection time of 66.94 ms. It can also reduce the non-detection zone (NDZ) and detection time and has a certain level of noise resistance. Meanwhile, the problem whereby the active method affects the microgrid power quality is avoided without disturbing the current or power of the microgrid.

Suggested Citation

  • Yan Xia & Feihong Yu & Xingzhong Xiong & Qinyuan Huang & Qijun Zhou, 2022. "A Novel Microgrid Islanding Detection Algorithm Based on a Multi-Feature Improved LSTM," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-24, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:8:p:2810-:d:792177
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/8/2810/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/8/2810/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lei, Jinhao & Liu, Chao & Jiang, Dongxiang, 2019. "Fault diagnosis of wind turbine based on Long Short-term memory networks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 422-432.
    2. Aziah Khamis & H Shareef & M.Z.C Wanik, 2012. "Pattern Recognition of Islanding Detection Using Tt-Transform," Journal of Asian Scientific Research, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 2(11), pages 607-613.
    3. Aziah Khamis & H. Shareef & M.Z.C Wanik, 2012. "Pattern Recognition of Islanding Detection Using Tt-Transform," Journal of Asian Scientific Research, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 2(11), pages 607-613, November.
    4. Kong, Xiangrui & Xu, Xiaoyuan & Yan, Zheng & Chen, Sijie & Yang, Huoming & Han, Dong, 2018. "Deep learning hybrid method for islanding detection in distributed generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 776-785.
    5. Syed Basit Ali Bukhari & Khawaja Khalid Mehmood & Abdul Wadood & Herie Park, 2021. "Intelligent Islanding Detection of Microgrids Using Long Short-Term Memory Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-16, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Arash Abyaz & Habib Panahi & Reza Zamani & Hassan Haes Alhelou & Pierluigi Siano & Miadreza Shafie-khah & Mimmo Parente, 2019. "An Effective Passive Islanding Detection Algorithm for Distributed Generations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Dibaj, Ali & Gao, Zhen & Nejad, Amir R., 2023. "Fault detection of offshore wind turbine drivetrains in different environmental conditions through optimal selection of vibration measurements," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 161-176.
    3. Adaiton Oliveira-Filho & Ryad Zemouri & Philippe Cambron & Antoine Tahan, 2023. "Early Detection and Diagnosis of Wind Turbine Abnormal Conditions Using an Interpretable Supervised Variational Autoencoder Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-21, June.
    4. S. Ananda Kumar & M. S. P. Subathra & Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar & Maria Malvoni & N. J. Sairamya & S. Thomas George & Easter S. Suviseshamuthu & Shauhrat S. Chopra, 2020. "A Novel Islanding Detection Technique for a Resilient Photovoltaic-Based Distributed Power Generation System Using a Tunable-Q Wavelet Transform and an Artificial Neural Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-22, August.
    5. Syed Basit Ali Bukhari & Abdul Wadood & Tahir Khurshaid & Khawaja Khalid Mehmood & Sang Bong Rhee & Ki-Chai Kim, 2022. "Empirical Wavelet Transform-Based Intelligent Protection Scheme for Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-17, October.
    6. Jianjun Chen & Weihao Hu & Di Cao & Bin Zhang & Qi Huang & Zhe Chen & Frede Blaabjerg, 2019. "An Imbalance Fault Detection Algorithm for Variable-Speed Wind Turbines: A Deep Learning Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-15, July.
    7. Chang, Yuanhong & Chen, Jinglong & Qu, Cheng & Pan, Tongyang, 2020. "Intelligent fault diagnosis of Wind Turbines via a Deep Learning Network Using Parallel Convolution Layers with Multi-Scale Kernels," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 205-213.
    8. Danxiang Wei & Jianzhou Wang & Kailai Ni & Guangyu Tang, 2019. "Research and Application of a Novel Hybrid Model Based on a Deep Neural Network Combined with Fuzzy Time Series for Energy Forecasting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-38, September.
    9. Masoud Ahmadipour & Hashim Hizam & Mohammad Lutfi Othman & Mohd Amran Mohd Radzi, 2018. "An Anti-Islanding Protection Technique Using a Wavelet Packet Transform and a Probabilistic Neural Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-31, October.
    10. Zhannan Guo & Yinlin Hao & Hanwen Shi & Zhenyu Wu & Yuhu Wu & Ximing Sun, 2023. "A Fault Diagnosis Algorithm for the Dedicated Equipment Based on the CNN-LSTM Mechanism," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-16, July.
    11. Faisal Mumtaz & Kashif Imran & Abdullah Abusorrah & Syed Basit Ali Bukhari, 2023. "An Extensive Overview of Islanding Detection Strategies of Active Distributed Generations in Sustainable Microgrids," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-19, March.
    12. Suryanarayana, Gowri & Lago, Jesus & Geysen, Davy & Aleksiejuk, Piotr & Johansson, Christian, 2018. "Thermal load forecasting in district heating networks using deep learning and advanced feature selection methods," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 141-149.
    13. Gregory Duthé & Imad Abdallah & Sarah Barber & Eleni Chatzi, 2021. "Modeling and Monitoring Erosion of the Leading Edge of Wind Turbine Blades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-33, November.
    14. Ahmadipour, Masoud & Hizam, Hashim & Othman, Mohammad Lutfi & Radzi, Mohd Amran Mohd & Murthy, Avinash Srikanta, 2018. "Islanding detection technique using Slantlet Transform and Ridgelet Probabilistic Neural Network in grid-connected photovoltaic system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 645-659.
    15. Chen, Hansi & Liu, Hang & Chu, Xuening & Liu, Qingxiu & Xue, Deyi, 2021. "Anomaly detection and critical SCADA parameters identification for wind turbines based on LSTM-AE neural network," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 829-840.
    16. Mingzhu Tang & Qi Zhao & Steven X. Ding & Huawei Wu & Linlin Li & Wen Long & Bin Huang, 2020. "An Improved LightGBM Algorithm for Online Fault Detection of Wind Turbine Gearboxes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, February.
    17. Zemali, Zakaria & Cherroun, Lakhmissi & Hadroug, Nadji & Hafaifa, Ahmed & Iratni, Abdelhamid & Alshammari, Obaid S. & Colak, Ilhami, 2023. "Robust intelligent fault diagnosis strategy using Kalman observers and neuro-fuzzy systems for a wind turbine benchmark," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 873-898.
    18. Khan, Noman & Khan, Samee Ullah & Baik, Sung Wook, 2023. "Deep dive into hybrid networks: A comparative study and novel architecture for efficient power prediction," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
    19. Juan D. Velásquez & Lorena Cadavid & Carlos J. Franco, 2023. "Intelligence Techniques in Sustainable Energy: Analysis of a Decade of Advances," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-45, October.
    20. Kong, Ziqian & Tang, Baoping & Deng, Lei & Liu, Wenyi & Han, Yan, 2020. "Condition monitoring of wind turbines based on spatio-temporal fusion of SCADA data by convolutional neural networks and gated recurrent units," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 760-768.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:8:p:2810-:d:792177. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.