IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i5p1784-d760825.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Study on Frequency Stability and Primary Frequency Response of the Korean Electric Power System Considering the High Penetration of Wind Power

Author

Listed:
  • SungHoon Lim

    (School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea)

  • Taewan Kim

    (School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea)

  • Kipo Yoon

    (School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea)

  • DongHee Choi

    (Division of Converged Electronic Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea)

  • Jung-Wook Park

    (School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea)

Abstract

The high penetration of wind power decreases the system inertia and primary frequency reserve while replacing the conventional synchronous generators (SGs). Therefore, if the system operator does not take appropriate action on the remaining generation units (GUs) operation, high penetration of wind power will aggravate the frequency stability. To solve this problem, wind power plants (WPPs) may provide the inertial response and primary frequency response (PFR) to support the frequency stability. However, due to the variability of renewable energy, WPPs may not provide adequate frequency response whenever it is required. This paper proposes an algorithm to determine the operation of GUs to provide appropriate PFR for a power system with high penetration of wind power. Through the proposed algorithm, it calculates the required PFR to restore the decreased frequency stability caused by the high penetration of wind power. Then, while considering the available PFR from WPPs, it redetermines the droop coefficient of SGs governor to provide the sufficient PFR to recover the frequency stability. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified on the practical Korean electric power system.

Suggested Citation

  • SungHoon Lim & Taewan Kim & Kipo Yoon & DongHee Choi & Jung-Wook Park, 2022. "A Study on Frequency Stability and Primary Frequency Response of the Korean Electric Power System Considering the High Penetration of Wind Power," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:5:p:1784-:d:760825
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/5/1784/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/5/1784/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yongsik Lee & Hyunchul Lee & Jaehyeon Gim & Inyong Seo & Guenjoon Lee, 2020. "Technical Measures to Mitigate Load Fluctuation for Large-Scale Customers to Improve Power System Energy Efficiency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-27, September.
    2. Abdulhameed S. Alsharafi & Ahmad H. Besheer & Hassan M. Emara, 2018. "Primary Frequency Response Enhancement for Future Low Inertia Power Systems Using Hybrid Control Technique," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-20, March.
    3. Ashish Shrestha & Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt, 2021. "Frequency Stability Issues and Research Opportunities in Converter Dominated Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-28, July.
    4. Lei Shang & Jiabing Hu & Xiaoming Yuan & Yongning Chi, 2016. "Understanding Inertial Response of Variable-Speed Wind Turbines by Defined Internal Potential Vector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-17, December.
    5. Siniscalchi-Minna, Sara & Bianchi, Fernando D. & De-Prada-Gil, Mikel & Ocampo-Martinez, Carlos, 2019. "A wind farm control strategy for power reserve maximization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 37-44.
    6. Martin Henke & Getu Hailu, 2020. "Thermal Management of Stationary Battery Systems: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-16, August.
    7. Michał Kosmecki & Robert Rink & Anna Wakszyńska & Roberto Ciavarella & Marialaura Di Somma & Christina N. Papadimitriou & Venizelos Efthymiou & Giorgio Graditi, 2021. "A Methodology for Provision of Frequency Stability in Operation Planning of Low Inertia Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-17, January.
    8. Martha N. Acosta & Daniel Pettersen & Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt & Jaime Peredo Argos & Manuel A. Andrade, 2020. "Optimal Frequency Support of Variable-Speed Hydropower Plants at Telemark and Vestfold, Norway: Future Scenarios of Nordic Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-25, July.
    9. Kim, Chul, 2021. "A review of the deployment programs, impact, and barriers of renewable energy policies in Korea," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    10. Hae Gwang Jeong & Ro Hak Seung & Kyo Beum Lee, 2012. "An Improved Maximum Power Point Tracking Method for Wind Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(5), pages 1-16, May.
    11. Minas Patsalides & Christina N. Papadimitriou & Venizelos Efthymiou & Roberto Ciavarella & Marialaura Di Somma & Anna Wakszyńska & Michał Kosmecki & Giorgio Graditi & Maria Valenti, 2020. "Frequency Stability Evaluation in Low Inertia Systems Utilizing Smart Hierarchical Controllers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-20, July.
    12. Ju-Hee Kim & Sin-Young Kim & Seung-Hoon Yoo, 2020. "Public Acceptance of the “Renewable Energy 3020 Plan”: Evidence from a Contingent Valuation Study in South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-12, April.
    13. Alija Mujcinagic & Mirza Kusljugic & Emir Nukic, 2020. "Wind Inertial Response Based on the Center of Inertia Frequency of a Control Area," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-17, November.
    14. Woo Yeong Choi & Kyung Soo Kook & Ga Ram Yu, 2019. "Control Strategy of BESS for Providing Both Virtual Inertia and Primary Frequency Response in the Korean Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-17, October.
    15. Junhui Li & Yunbao Ma & Gang Mu & Xichao Feng & Gangui Yan & Gan Guo & Tianyang Zhang, 2018. "Optimal Configuration of Energy Storage System Coordinating Wind Turbine to Participate Power System Primary Frequency Regulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-16, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Olga Poliak & Doron Shmilovitz, 2023. "Power Reserve from Photovoltaics for Improving Frequency Response in the Isolated System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-20, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Carolina G. Marcelino & João V. C. Avancini & Carla A. D. M. Delgado & Elizabeth F. Wanner & Silvia Jiménez-Fernández & Sancho Salcedo-Sanz, 2021. "Dynamic Electric Dispatch for Wind Power Plants: A New Automatic Controller System Using Evolutionary Algorithms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-20, October.
    2. Cheng, Yi & Azizipanah-Abarghooee, Rasoul & Azizi, Sadegh & Ding, Lei & Terzija, Vladimir, 2020. "Smart frequency control in low inertia energy systems based on frequency response techniques: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    3. Fernández-Guillamón, Ana & Gómez-Lázaro, Emilio & Muljadi, Eduard & Molina-García, Ángel, 2019. "Power systems with high renewable energy sources: A review of inertia and frequency control strategies over time," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    4. Phan, Dinh-Chung & Yamamoto, Shigeru, 2016. "Rotor speed control of doubly fed induction generator wind turbines using adaptive maximum power point tracking," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 377-388.
    5. Emejeamara, F.C. & Tomlin, A.S. & Millward-Hopkins, J.T., 2015. "Urban wind: Characterisation of useful gust and energy capture," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 162-172.
    6. Tania García-Sánchez & Arbinda Kumar Mishra & Elías Hurtado-Pérez & Rubén Puché-Panadero & Ana Fernández-Guillamón, 2020. "A Controller for Optimum Electrical Power Extraction from a Small Grid-Interconnected Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-16, November.
    7. Natascia Andrenacci & Elio Chiodo & Davide Lauria & Fabio Mottola, 2018. "Life Cycle Estimation of Battery Energy Storage Systems for Primary Frequency Regulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-24, November.
    8. Jia-Jue Li & Bao-Zhu Shao & Jun-Hui Li & Wei-Chun Ge & Jia-Hui Zhang & Heng-Yu Zhou, 2018. "Intelligent Regulation Method for a Controllable Load Used for Improving Wind Power Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-14, November.
    9. Edmunds, Calum & Martín-Martínez, Sergio & Browell, Jethro & Gómez-Lázaro, Emilio & Galloway, Stuart, 2019. "On the participation of wind energy in response and reserve markets in Great Britain and Spain," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    10. Artem Korzhenevych & Charles Kofi Owusu, 2021. "Renewable Minigrid Electrification in Off-Grid Rural Ghana: Exploring Households Willingness to Pay," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-17, October.
    11. Chen, Zhidong & Su, Chao & Wu, Zexuan & Wang, Weijia & Chen, Lei & Yang, Lijun & Kong, Yanqiang & Du, Xiaoze, 2023. "Operation strategy and performance analyses of a distributed energy system incorporating concentrating PV/T and air source heat pump for heating supply," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).
    12. Wang, Chia-Nan & Nguyen, Thi Thuy-Vy & Chiang, Chia-Chin & Le, Hoang-Dang, 2024. "Evaluating renewable energy consumption efficiency and impact factors in Asia-pacific economic cooperation countries: A new approach of DEA with undesirable output model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    13. Ifaei, Pouya & Tayerani Charmchi, Amir Saman & Loy-Benitez, Jorge & Yang, Rebecca Jing & Yoo, ChangKyoo, 2022. "A data-driven analytical roadmap to a sustainable 2030 in South Korea based on optimal renewable microgrids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    14. Kim, Yu Jin & Entchev, Evgeuniy & Na, Sun Ik & Kang, Eun Chul & Baik, Young-Jin & Lee, Euy Joon, 2023. "Investigation of system optimization and control logic on a solar geothermal hybrid heat pump system based on integral effect test data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    15. Ana Fernández-Guillamón & Guillermo Martínez-Lucas & Ángel Molina-García & Jose Ignacio Sarasua, 2020. "An Adaptive Control Scheme for Variable Speed Wind Turbines Providing Frequency Regulation in Isolated Power Systems with Thermal Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-19, July.
    16. Gustavo Adolfo Gómez-Ramírez & Carlos Meza & Gonzalo Mora-Jiménez & José Rodrigo Rojas Morales & Luis García-Santander, 2023. "The Central American Power System: Achievements, Challenges, and Opportunities for a Green Transition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-20, May.
    17. Pablo Fernández-Bustamante & Oscar Barambones & Isidro Calvo & Cristian Napole & Mohamed Derbeli, 2021. "Provision of Frequency Response from Wind Farms: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-24, October.
    18. Matheus Schramm Dall’Asta & Telles Brunelli Lazzarin, 2023. "Small-Signal Modeling and Stability Analysis of a Grid-Following Inverter with Inertia Emulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-28, August.
    19. Cuiping Li & Shining Zhang & Jiaxing Zhang & Jun Qi & Junhui Li & Qi Guo & Hongfei You, 2018. "Method for the Energy Storage Configuration of Wind Power Plants with Energy Storage Systems used for Black-Start," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-16, December.
    20. Shoudao Huang & Yang Zhang & Zhikang Shuai, 2016. "Capacitor Voltage Ripple Suppression for Z-Source Wind Energy Conversion System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-15, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:5:p:1784-:d:760825. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.