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Assessment of Daily Cost of Reactive Power Procurement by Smart Inverters

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  • Martha N. Acosta

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Technology and Cybernetics, University of South-Eastern Norway, 3918 Porsgrunn, Norway
    School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, NL, Mexico)

  • Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Technology and Cybernetics, University of South-Eastern Norway, 3918 Porsgrunn, Norway)

  • Manuel A. Andrade

    (School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, NL, Mexico)

  • José Luis Rueda Torres

    (Electrical Sustainable Energy Group, Department of Electrical Sustainable Energy, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, 2628 Delft, CD, The Netherlands)

  • Harold R. Chamorro

    (Department of Electrical Engineering at KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden)

Abstract

The reactive power control mechanisms at the smart inverters will affect the voltage profile, active power losses and the cost of reactive power procurement in a different way. Therefore, this paper presents an assessment of the cost–benefit relationship obtained by enabling nine different reactive power control mechanisms at the smart inverters. The first eight reactive power control mechanisms are available in the literature and include the IEEE 1547−2018 standard requirements. The ninth control mechanism is an optimum reactive power control proposed in this paper. It is formulated to minimise the active power losses of the network and ensure the bus voltages and the reactive power of the smart inverter are within their allowable limits. The Vestfold and Telemark distribution network was implemented in DIgSILENT PowerFactory and used to evaluate the reactive power control mechanisms. The reactive power prices were taken from the default payment rate document of the National Grid. Simulation results demonstrate that the optimal reactive power control mechanism provides the best cost–benefit for the daily steady-state operation of the network.

Suggested Citation

  • Martha N. Acosta & Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt & Manuel A. Andrade & José Luis Rueda Torres & Harold R. Chamorro, 2021. "Assessment of Daily Cost of Reactive Power Procurement by Smart Inverters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-11, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:16:p:4834-:d:610614
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Martha N. Acosta & Daniel Pettersen & Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt & Jaime Peredo Argos & Manuel A. Andrade, 2020. "Optimal Frequency Support of Variable-Speed Hydropower Plants at Telemark and Vestfold, Norway: Future Scenarios of Nordic Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-25, July.
    2. Martha N. Acosta & Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt & Danijel Topić & Manuel A. Andrade, 2021. "Optimal Microgrid–Interactive Reactive Power Management for Day–Ahead Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-20, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hasala Dharmawardena & Ganesh Kumar Venayagamoorthy, 2022. "Distributed Volt-Var Curve Optimization Using a Cellular Computational Network Representation of an Electric Power Distribution System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-18, June.

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