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Technical Measures to Mitigate Load Fluctuation for Large-Scale Customers to Improve Power System Energy Efficiency

Author

Listed:
  • Yongsik Lee

    (Director of Research, SRENG Corp., Suncheon 58023, Korea)

  • Hyunchul Lee

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea)

  • Jaehyeon Gim

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea)

  • Inyong Seo

    (College of Information and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea)

  • Guenjoon Lee

    (Department of Electric Energy Systems, Chungbuk Provincial University, Okcheon 29046, Korea)

Abstract

Industrial equipment such as electric arc furnaces and steel mills are often associated with rapid and high load disturbances, so their power systems require additional control equipment to limit the frequency. However, proper ancillary service fees are not paid in these cases with extreme and variable load demands. The frequency regulation reserve equipment adds to power generation costs. Therefore, variable power generation loads lead to increases in the cost of energy production. We propose a load frequency control method that is applied on the customer end instead of the power supply end to reduce the operating reserve required to improve the energy efficiency of the power system. We analyzed the load fluctuation of steel mill customers using real data sampled at two-second intervals from the energy management system in Korea. We developed an automatic generation control program to simulate the power system’s frequency characteristics. We also propose compensation techniques for mitigation of the system’s frequency deviation at the customer end based on an energy storage system, pump storage hydro generator, customer generator, and plant process adjustment. To recover the frequency deviation, we calculated the compensation facility capacity and analyzed static characteristics, and we proved the feasibility via simulations.

Suggested Citation

  • Yongsik Lee & Hyunchul Lee & Jaehyeon Gim & Inyong Seo & Guenjoon Lee, 2020. "Technical Measures to Mitigate Load Fluctuation for Large-Scale Customers to Improve Power System Energy Efficiency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-27, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:18:p:4812-:d:413565
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jie Song & Xin Pan & Chao Lu & Hanchen Xu, 2017. "A Simulation-Based Optimization Method for Hybrid Frequency Regulation System Configuration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Dehghanpour, Kaveh & Afsharnia, Saeed, 2015. "Electrical demand side contribution to frequency control in power systems: a review on technical aspects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 1267-1276.
    3. Jingyi Zhang & Chao Lu & Jie Song, 2016. "Dynamic performance-based automatic generation control unit allocation with frequency sensitivity identification," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(21), pages 6532-6547, November.
    4. Paulus, Moritz & Borggrefe, Frieder, 2011. "The potential of demand-side management in energy-intensive industries for electricity markets in Germany," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 432-441, February.
    5. Joanna Nowicka-Zagrajek & Rafal Weron, 2002. "Modeling electricity loads in California: ARMA models with hyperbolic noise," HSC Research Reports HSC/02/02, Hugo Steinhaus Center, Wroclaw University of Technology.
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