IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i21p8297-d965125.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Co-Torrefaction Progress of Biomass Residue/Waste Obtained for High-Value Bio-Solid Products

Author

Listed:
  • Abdul Waheed

    (Laboratory of Alternative Fuels & Sustainability, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Science and Technology, H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Salman Raza Naqvi

    (Laboratory of Alternative Fuels & Sustainability, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Science and Technology, H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Imtiaz Ali

    (Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

The co-torrefaction of several biomasses may be a viable solution in the study area, as it produces biofuels and addresses waste-treatment concerns. This review evaluates biomass through ultimate, proximate, and FTIR analyses, and the mechanism of the co-torrefaction process is observed for product quality with a synergistic effect. Furthermore, the parameters of co-torrefaction, including temperature, reaction time, mass yield, energy yield, and the composition of the H/C and O/C ratio of the co-torrefied materials, are similar to those for coal composition. Different reactor types, such as fixed-bed, fluidized-bed, microwave, and batch reactors, are used for co-torrefaction, in which biomass blends with optimized blend ratios. The co-torrefaction process increases the bio-solid yield and heating value, the capacity to adsorb carbon dioxide, and the renewable fuel used for gasification. One of the objectives of this study is to adopt a process that must be viable, green, and sustainable without generating pollution. For this reason, microwave co-torrefaction (MCT) has been used in many recent studies to transform waste and biomass materials into an alternative fuel using a microwave reactor.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdul Waheed & Salman Raza Naqvi & Imtiaz Ali, 2022. "Co-Torrefaction Progress of Biomass Residue/Waste Obtained for High-Value Bio-Solid Products," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:21:p:8297-:d:965125
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/21/8297/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/21/8297/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Huang, Yu-Fong & Chiueh, Pei-Te & Kuan, Wen-Hui & Lo, Shang-Lien, 2015. "Effects of lignocellulosic composition and microwave power level on the gaseous product of microwave pyrolysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 974-981.
    2. Feng, Yipeng & Qiu, Keying & Zhang, Zhiping & Li, Chong & Rahman, Md. Maksudur & Cai, Junmeng, 2022. "Distributed activation energy model for lignocellulosic biomass torrefaction kinetics with combined heating program," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    3. Chen, Dengyu & Cen, Kehui & Cao, Xiaobing & Chen, Fan & Zhang, Jie & Zhou, Jianbin, 2021. "Insight into a new phenolic-leaching pretreatment on bamboo pyrolysis: Release characteristics of pyrolytic volatiles, upgradation of three phase products, migration of elements, and energy yield," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    4. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Kuo, Po-Chih, 2010. "A study on torrefaction of various biomass materials and its impact on lignocellulosic structure simulated by a thermogravimetry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(6), pages 2580-2586.
    5. Catarina Viegas & Catarina Nobre & Ricardo Correia & Luísa Gouveia & Margarida Gonçalves, 2021. "Optimization of Biochar Production by Co-Torrefaction of Microalgae and Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Response Surface Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-23, November.
    6. Cheng, Yoke Wang & Chong, Chi Cheng & Lee, Soon Poh & Lim, Jun Wei & Wu, Ta Yeong & Cheng, Chin Kui, 2020. "Syngas from palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming over lanthanum cobaltite: Effects of net-basicity," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 349-362.
    7. Wang, L. & Barta-Rajnai, E. & Skreiberg, Ø. & Khalil, R. & Czégény, Z. & Jakab, E. & Barta, Z. & Grønli, M., 2018. "Effect of torrefaction on physiochemical characteristics and grindability of stem wood, stump and bark," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C), pages 137-148.
    8. Yek, Peter Nai Yuh & Cheng, Yoke Wang & Liew, Rock Keey & Wan Mahari, Wan Adibah & Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Peng, Wanxi & Park, Young-Kwon & Sonne, Christian & Kong, Sieng Huat & Tabatabaei, 2021. "Progress in the torrefaction technology for upgrading oil palm wastes to energy-dense biochar: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    9. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Lu, Ke-Miao & Lee, Wen-Jhy & Liu, Shih-Hsien & Lin, Ta-Chang, 2014. "Non-oxidative and oxidative torrefaction characterization and SEM observations of fibrous and ligneous biomass," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 104-113.
    10. Momin Elhadi Abdalla & Salah Ahmed Abdalla & Syed Ali Ammar Taqvi & Salman Raza Naqvi & Wei-Hsin Chen, 2022. "Investigation of Biomass Integrated Air Gasification Regenerative Gas Turbine Power Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, January.
    11. Li, Jun & Brzdekiewicz, Artur & Yang, Weihong & Blasiak, Wlodzimierz, 2012. "Co-firing based on biomass torrefaction in a pulverized coal boiler with aim of 100% fuel switching," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 344-354.
    12. Munawar, Muhammad Assad & Khoja, Asif Hussain & Naqvi, Salman Raza & Mehran, Muhammad Taqi & Hassan, Muhammad & Liaquat, Rabia & Dawood, Usama Fida, 2021. "Challenges and opportunities in biomass ash management and its utilization in novel applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    13. Wen, Jia-Long & Sun, Shao-Long & Yuan, Tong-Qi & Xu, Feng & Sun, Run-Cang, 2014. "Understanding the chemical and structural transformations of lignin macromolecule during torrefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 1-9.
    14. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Kuo, Po-Chih & Liu, Shih-Hsien & Wu, Wei, 2014. "Thermal characterization of oil palm fiber and eucalyptus in torrefaction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 40-48.
    15. Lin, Yi-Li & Zheng, Nai-Yun, 2021. "Biowaste-to-biochar through microwave-assisted wet co-torrefaction of blending mango seed and passion shell with optoelectronic sludge," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    16. Xu, Feng & Yu, Jianming & Tesso, Tesfaye & Dowell, Floyd & Wang, Donghai, 2013. "Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lignocellulosic biomass using infrared techniques: A mini-review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 801-809.
    17. Prins, Mark J. & Ptasinski, Krzysztof J. & Janssen, Frans J.J.G., 2006. "More efficient biomass gasification via torrefaction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(15), pages 3458-3470.
    18. Fan, Yuyang & Tippayawong, Nakorn & Wei, Guoqiang & Huang, Zhen & Zhao, Kun & Jiang, Liqun & Zheng, Anqing & Zhao, Zengli & Li, Haibin, 2020. "Minimizing tar formation whilst enhancing syngas production by integrating biomass torrefaction pretreatment with chemical looping gasification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mohamad Aziz, Nur Atiqah & Mohamed, Hassan & Kania, Dina & Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Zainal, Bidattul Syirat & Junoh, Hazlina & Ker, Pin Jern & Silitonga, A.S., 2024. "Bioenergy production by integrated microwave-assisted torrefaction and pyrolysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Peng, Jianghong & Bi, Xiaotao T., 2015. "A state-of-the-art review of biomass torrefaction, densification and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 847-866.
    2. Yek, Peter Nai Yuh & Cheng, Yoke Wang & Liew, Rock Keey & Wan Mahari, Wan Adibah & Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Peng, Wanxi & Park, Young-Kwon & Sonne, Christian & Kong, Sieng Huat & Tabatabaei, 2021. "Progress in the torrefaction technology for upgrading oil palm wastes to energy-dense biochar: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    3. Batidzirai, B. & Mignot, A.P.R. & Schakel, W.B. & Junginger, H.M. & Faaij, A.P.C., 2013. "Biomass torrefaction technology: Techno-economic status and future prospects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 196-214.
    4. Tran, Khanh-Quang & Luo, Xun & Seisenbaeva, Gulaim & Jirjis, Raida, 2013. "Stump torrefaction for bioenergy application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 539-546.
    5. Ghiasi, Bahman & Kumar, Linoj & Furubayashi, Takaaki & Lim, C. Jim & Bi, Xiaotao & Kim, Chang Soo & Sokhansanj, Shahab, 2014. "Densified biocoal from woodchips: Is it better to do torrefaction before or after densification?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 133-142.
    6. Niu, Qi & Ronsse, Frederik & Qi, Zhiyong & Zhang, Dongdong, 2022. "Fast torrefaction of large biomass particles by superheated steam: Enhanced solid products for multipurpose production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 552-563.
    7. Yek, Peter Nai Yuh & Chen, Xiangmeng & Peng, Wanxi & Liew, Rock Keey & Cheng, Chin Kui & Sonne, Christian & Sii, How Sing & Lam, Su Shiung, 2021. "Microwave co-torrefaction of waste oil and biomass pellets for simultaneous recovery of waste and co-firing fuel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    8. Wilk, Małgorzata & Magdziarz, Aneta & Kalemba, Izabela, 2015. "Characterisation of renewable fuels' torrefaction process with different instrumental techniques," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 259-269.
    9. Antonios Nazos & Dorothea Politi & Georgios Giakoumakis & Dimitrios Sidiras, 2022. "Simulation and Optimization of Lignocellulosic Biomass Wet- and Dry-Torrefaction Process for Energy, Fuels and Materials Production: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-35, November.
    10. Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Yu, Kai Ling & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Pillejera, Ma Katreena & Bi, Xiaotao & Tran, Khanh-Quang & Pétrissans, Anelie & Pétrissans, Mathieu, 2021. "Variation of lignocellulosic biomass structure from torrefaction: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    11. Chai, Meiyun & Xie, Li & Yu, Xi & Zhang, Xingguang & Yang, Yang & Rahman, Md. Maksudur & Blanco, Paula H. & Liu, Ronghou & Bridgwater, Anthony V. & Cai, Junmeng, 2021. "Poplar wood torrefaction: Kinetics, thermochemistry and implications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    12. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Kuo, Po-Chih & Liu, Shih-Hsien & Wu, Wei, 2014. "Thermal characterization of oil palm fiber and eucalyptus in torrefaction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 40-48.
    13. Fan, Yuyang & Tippayawong, Nakorn & Wei, Guoqiang & Huang, Zhen & Zhao, Kun & Jiang, Liqun & Zheng, Anqing & Zhao, Zengli & Li, Haibin, 2020. "Minimizing tar formation whilst enhancing syngas production by integrating biomass torrefaction pretreatment with chemical looping gasification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    14. Devaraja, Udya Madhavi Aravindi & Senadheera, Sachini Supunsala & Gunarathne, Duleeka Sandamali, 2022. "Torrefaction severity and performance of Rubberwood and Gliricidia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 1341-1353.
    15. Agar, David A. & Rudolfsson, Magnus & Lavergne, Simon & Melkior, Thierry & Da Silva Perez, Denilson & Dupont, Capucine & Campargue, Matthieu & Kalén, Gunnar & Larsson, Sylvia H., 2021. "Pelleting torrefied biomass at pilot-scale – Quality and implications for co-firing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 766-774.
    16. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Chen, Chih-Jung & Hung, Chen-I & Shen, Cheng-Hsien & Hsu, Heng-Wen, 2013. "A comparison of gasification phenomena among raw biomass, torrefied biomass and coal in an entrained-flow reactor," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 421-430.
    17. Ge, Shengbo & Yek, Peter Nai Yuh & Cheng, Yoke Wang & Xia, Changlei & Wan Mahari, Wan Adibah & Liew, Rock Keey & Peng, Wanxi & Yuan, Tong-Qi & Tabatabaei, Meisam & Aghbashlo, Mortaza & Sonne, Christia, 2021. "Progress in microwave pyrolysis conversion of agricultural waste to value-added biofuels: A batch to continuous approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    18. Joseph I. Orisaleye & Simeon O. Jekayinfa & Ralf Pecenka & Adebayo A. Ogundare & Michael O. Akinseloyin & Opeyemi L. Fadipe, 2022. "Investigation of the Effects of Torrefaction Temperature and Residence Time on the Fuel Quality of Corncobs in a Fixed-Bed Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-16, July.
    19. Ping Wang & Bret H. Howard, 2017. "Impact of Thermal Pretreatment Temperatures on Woody Biomass Chemical Composition, Physical Properties and Microstructure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-20, December.
    20. Hao Luo & Lukasz Niedzwiecki & Amit Arora & Krzysztof Mościcki & Halina Pawlak-Kruczek & Krystian Krochmalny & Marcin Baranowski & Mayank Tiwari & Anshul Sharma & Tanuj Sharma & Zhimin Lu, 2020. "Influence of Torrefaction and Pelletizing of Sawdust on the Design Parameters of a Fixed Bed Gasifier," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:21:p:8297-:d:965125. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.