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Analysis of the Impact of Propanol-Gasoline Blends on Lubricant Oil Degradation and Spark-Ignition Engine Characteristics

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Kashif Jamil

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, RCET Campus, University of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala 52250, Pakistan)

  • Maaz Akhtar

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Farooq

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, G.T. Road, Lahore 54890, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, G.T. Road, Lahore 54890, Pakistan)

  • Saad

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, RCET Campus, University of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala 52250, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Khuzaima

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, RCET Campus, University of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala 52250, Pakistan)

  • Khurshid Ahmad

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, RCET Campus, University of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala 52250, Pakistan)

  • Md Abul Kalam

    (Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia)

  • Anas Abdelrahman

    (Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt)

Abstract

Alcoholic fuels have recently come to light as a sustainable source for powering today’s vehicles. Various studies have investigated the effects of alcoholic fuels on engine efficiency and emission characteristics. However, scarce literature is available for their effects on lubricant. Therefore, propanol-gasoline fuel mixtures, with concentrations of 9% (P9) and 18% (P18) propanol, were made to compare their engine characteristics and lubricating oil condition with that of pure gasoline (0 percent propanol (P0)). To determine the rate of deterioration, the characteristics of the lubricating oil were evaluated after 100 h of engine operation, as suggested by the manufacturer. When compared with unused lube oil, P18 showed reductions in flash point temperature and kinematic viscosity of 14% and 36%, respectively, at 100 °C. For P18, which contains Fe (27 PPM), Al (11 PPM), and Cu (14 PPM), the highest wear element concentrations in the lubricating oil were found. The moisture in the degraded oil was well within the allowable limit for the three fuel mixtures. With the increase in propanol percentage in the propanol-gasoline blend, the engine performance was increased. Compared to P9 and P0, P18 had the partially unburned emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Kashif Jamil & Maaz Akhtar & Muhammad Farooq & Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas & Saad & Muhammad Khuzaima & Khurshid Ahmad & Md Abul Kalam & Anas Abdelrahman, 2022. "Analysis of the Impact of Propanol-Gasoline Blends on Lubricant Oil Degradation and Spark-Ignition Engine Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-11, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:15:p:5757-:d:883270
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fagundez, J.L.S. & Golke, D. & Martins, M.E.S. & Salau, N.P.G., 2019. "An investigation on performance and combustion characteristics of pure n-butanol and a blend of n-butanol/ethanol as fuels in a spark ignition engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 521-530.
    2. Mourad, M. & Mahmoud, K., 2019. "Investigation into SI engine performance characteristics and emissions fuelled with ethanol/butanol-gasoline blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 762-771.
    3. Muhammad Usman & Muhammad Kashif Jamil & Fahid Riaz & Haris Hussain & Ghulam Hussain & Muhammad Haris Shah & Muhammad Abdul Qyyum & Chaudhary Awais Salman & Moonyong Lee, 2021. "Refining and Reuse of Waste Lube Oil in SI Engines: A Novel Approach for a Sustainable Environment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-13, May.
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