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An investigation on performance and combustion characteristics of pure n-butanol and a blend of n-butanol/ethanol as fuels in a spark ignition engine

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  • Fagundez, J.L.S.
  • Golke, D.
  • Martins, M.E.S.
  • Salau, N.P.G.

Abstract

The n-butanol, an alcohol with chemical characteristics similar to gasoline, was evaluated experimentally in a spark ignition (SI) engine and through two-zone computer modelling. To do so, n-butanol was burned as a pure fuel and compared to hydrous ethanol, and a blend of n-butanol/ethanol was compared to a blend of gasoline/ethanol in order to evaluate combustion characteristics and engine performance. Experimental results have shown that n-butanol performed worse than hydrous ethanol, especially due to its lower octane number, which at 13.5:1 compression ratio and 7 bar BMEP tested gave advantage to the second alcohol fuel properties due to knock limitation. At the same test conditions, n-butanol blend showed similar engine efficiency parameters, such as indicated power, when compared to the gasoline blend, indicating that n-butanol is a potential surrogate for gasoline when blended with ethanol. In order to evaluate auto-ignition occurrence, an ignition sweep was done at a 9.5:1 compression ratio and 6 bar BMEP, showing that pure n-butanol had its performance rather limited by knocking combustion and cyclic variability, while its blend with ethanol was able to avoid sporadic knock, achieving a desired performance with stable combustion.

Suggested Citation

  • Fagundez, J.L.S. & Golke, D. & Martins, M.E.S. & Salau, N.P.G., 2019. "An investigation on performance and combustion characteristics of pure n-butanol and a blend of n-butanol/ethanol as fuels in a spark ignition engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 521-530.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:176:y:2019:i:c:p:521-530
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.04.010
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gallagher, Paul W. & Shapouri, Hosein & Price, Jeffrey & Schamel, Guenter & Brubaker, Heather, 2003. "Some Long-Run Effects of Growing Markets and Renewable Fuel Standards on Additives Markets and the U.S. Ethanol Industry," Staff General Research Papers Archive 10648, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Diming Lou & Yedi Ren & Xiang Li & Yunhua Zhang & Xia Sun, 2020. "Effect of Operating Conditions and TWC Parameters on Emissions Characteristics of a Stoichiometric Natural Gas Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-18, September.
    4. Wermer, Lydia & Lefkowitz, Joseph K. & Ombrello, Timothy & Im, Seong-kyun, 2021. "Spark and flame kernel interaction with dual-pulse laser-induced spark ignition in a lean premixed methane–air flow," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PB).
    5. Sathish Kumar, T. & Ashok, B. & Saravanan, B., 2023. "Calibration of flex-fuel operating parameters using grey relational analysis to enhance the output characteristics of ethanol powered direct injection SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    6. Meng, Xianglong & Xie, Fangxi & Li, Xiaona & Han, Linghai & Duan, Jiaquan & Gong, Yanfeng & Zhou, You, 2024. "Study on the effects of intake valve timing and lift on the combustion and emission performance of ethanol, N-butanol, and gasoline engine under stoichiometric combustion and lean burn conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    7. Muhammad Kashif Jamil & Maaz Akhtar & Muhammad Farooq & Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas & Saad & Muhammad Khuzaima & Khurshid Ahmad & Md Abul Kalam & Anas Abdelrahman, 2022. "Analysis of the Impact of Propanol-Gasoline Blends on Lubricant Oil Degradation and Spark-Ignition Engine Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-11, August.

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