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Odour Nuisance at Municipal Waste Biogas Plants and the Effect of Feedstock Modification on the Circular Economy—A Review

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  • Marta Wiśniewska

    (Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 20 Nowowiejska Street, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Andrzej Kulig

    (Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 20 Nowowiejska Street, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Krystyna Lelicińska-Serafin

    (Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 20 Nowowiejska Street, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

The increase in the amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated, among other places, in households is a result of the growing population, economic development, as well as the urbanisation of areas with accompanying insufficiently effective measures to minimise waste generation. There are many methods for treating municipal waste, with the common goal of minimising environmental degradation and maximising resource recovery. Biodegradable waste, including selectively collected biowaste (BW), also plays an essential role in the concept of the circular economy (CE), which maximises the proportion of waste that can be returned to the system through organic recycling and energy recovery. Methane fermentation is a waste treatment process that is an excellent fit for the CE, both technically, economically, and environmentally. This study aims to analyse and evaluate the problem of odour nuisance in municipal waste biogas plants (MWBPs) and the impact of the feedstock (organic fraction of MSW-OFMSW and BW) on this nuisance in the context of CE assumptions. A literature review on the subject was carried out, including the results of our own studies, showing the odour nuisance and emissions from MWBPs processing both mixed MSW and selectively collected BW. The odour nuisance of MWBPs varies greatly. Odour problems should be considered regarding particular stages of the technological line. They are especially seen at the stages of waste storage, fermentation preparation, and digestate dewatering. At examined Polish MWBPs c od ranged from 4 to 78 ou/m 3 for fermentation preparation and from 8 to 448 ou/m 3 for digestate dewatering. The conclusions drawn from the literature review indicate both the difficulties and benefits that can be expected with the change in the operation of MWBPs because of the implementation of CE principles.

Suggested Citation

  • Marta Wiśniewska & Andrzej Kulig & Krystyna Lelicińska-Serafin, 2021. "Odour Nuisance at Municipal Waste Biogas Plants and the Effect of Feedstock Modification on the Circular Economy—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-22, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:20:p:6470-:d:652863
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gabriele Di Giacomo, 2021. "Material and Energy Recovery from the Final Disposal of Organic Waste," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-2, December.
    2. Marta Szyba & Jerzy Mikulik, 2023. "Management of Biodegradable Waste Intended for Biogas Production in a Large City," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-19, May.
    3. Marcin Zieliński & Joanna Kazimierowicz & Marcin Dębowski, 2022. "Advantages and Limitations of Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment—Technological Basics, Development Directions, and Technological Innovations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-39, December.
    4. Marta Wiśniewska & Andrzej Kulig & Krystyna Lelicińska-Serafin, 2022. "Odour Load of Selected Elements of the Technological Line at a Municipal Waste Biogas Plant," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-19, March.
    5. Zixue Luo & Wei Chen & Yue Wang & Qiang Cheng & Xiaohua Yuan & Zhigang Li & Junjie Yang, 2021. "Numerical Simulation of Combustion and Characteristics of Fly Ash and Slag in a “V-type” Waste Incinerator," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-12, November.

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