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Thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of oil palm empty fruit bunches with palm oil mill effluent for efficient biogas production

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  • O-Thong, Sompong
  • Boe, Kanokwan
  • Angelidaki, Irini

Abstract

The effect of pretreatment methods for improved biodegradability and biogas production of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and its co-digestion with palm oil mill effluent (POME) was investigated. The maximum methane potential of POME was 502mL CH4/gVS-added corresponding to 33.2m3 CH4/ton POME and 98% biodegradability. Meanwhile, the maximum methane potential of EFB was 202mL CH4/gVS-added corresponding to 79.1m3 CH4/ton EFB with 38% biodegradability. Co-digestion of EFB with POME enhanced microbial biodegradability and resulted in 25–32% higher methane production at mixing ratios of 0.4:1, 0.8:1 and 2.3:1 on VS basis than digesting EFB alone. The methane yield was 276–340mL CH4/gVS-added for co-digestion of EFB with POME at mixing ratios of 0.4:1–2.3:1, while minor improvement was observed at mixing ratios of 6.8:1 and 11:1 (175–197mL CH4/gVS-added). The best improved was achieved from co-digestion of treated EFB by NaOH presoaking and hydrothermal treatment with POME, which resulted in 98% improvement in methane yield comparing with co-digesting untreated EFB. The maximum methane production of co-digestion treated EFB with POME was 82.7m3 CH4/ton of mixed treated EFB and POME (6.8:1), corresponding to methane yield of 392mL CH4/gVS-added. The electricity production of 1ton mixture of treated EFB and POME would be 1190MJ or 330kWh of electricity. The study shows that there is a great potential to co-digestion treated EFB with POME for bioenergy production.

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  • O-Thong, Sompong & Boe, Kanokwan & Angelidaki, Irini, 2012. "Thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of oil palm empty fruit bunches with palm oil mill effluent for efficient biogas production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 648-654.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:93:y:2012:i:c:p:648-654
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.12.092
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    6. Zhou, Jialiang & Qu, Anan & Ming, Siqi & Zhang, Yuanhui & Duan, Na, 2022. "Binary-component anaerobic co-digestion: Synergies and microbial profiles," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P2), pages 1-10.
    7. Choong, Yee Yaw & Chou, Kian Weng & Norli, Ismail, 2018. "Strategies for improving biogas production of palm oil mill effluent (POME) anaerobic digestion: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2993-3006.
    8. Liew, Zhen Kang & Chan, Yi Jing & Ho, Zheng Theng & Yip, Yew Hong & Teng, Ming Chern & Ameer Abbas bin, Ameer Illham Tuah & Chong, Siewhui & Show, Pau Loke & Chew, Chien Lye, 2021. "Biogas production enhancement by co-digestion of empty fruit bunch (EFB) with palm oil mill effluent (POME): Performance and kinetic evaluation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 766-777.
    9. Aziz, Muhammad & Prawisudha, Pandji & Prabowo, Bayu & Budiman, Bentang Arief, 2015. "Integration of energy-efficient empty fruit bunch drying with gasification/combined cycle systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 188-195.
    10. Huzir, Nurhamieza Md & Aziz, Md Maniruzzaman A. & Ismail, S.B. & Abdullah, Bawadi & Mahmood, Nik Azmi Nik & Umor, N.A. & Syed Muhammad, Syed Anuar Faua’ad, 2018. "Agro-industrial waste to biobutanol production: Eco-friendly biofuels for next generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 476-485.
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    12. Muthita Tepsour & Nikannapas Usmanbaha & Thiwa Rattanaya & Rattana Jariyaboon & Sompong O-Thong & Poonsuk Prasertsan & Prawit Kongjan, 2019. "Biogas Production from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Palm Oil Decanter Cake using Solid-State Anaerobic co-Digestion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-14, November.
    13. Ahmad, Fiaz & Silva, Edson Luiz & Varesche, Maria Bernadete Amâncio, 2018. "Hydrothermal processing of biomass for anaerobic digestion – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 108-124.
    14. Koch, Konrad & Helmreich, Brigitte & Drewes, Jörg E., 2015. "Co-digestion of food waste in municipal wastewater treatment plants: Effect of different mixtures on methane yield and hydrolysis rate constant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 250-255.
    15. Marta Wiśniewska & Andrzej Kulig & Krystyna Lelicińska-Serafin, 2021. "Odour Nuisance at Municipal Waste Biogas Plants and the Effect of Feedstock Modification on the Circular Economy—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-22, October.
    16. Noor Azrimi Umor & Sumaiyah Abdullah & Azhar Mohamad & Shahrul Bin Ismail & Siti Izera Ismail & Azizah Misran, 2021. "Energy Potential of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Fiber from Subsequent Cultivation of Volvariella volvacea (Bull.) Singer," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-15, November.
    17. A Aziz, Md Maniruzzaman & Kassim, Khairul Anuar & ElSergany, Moetaz & Anuar, Syed & Jorat, M. Ehsan & Yaacob, H. & Ahsan, Amimul & Imteaz, Monzur A. & Arifuzzaman,, 2020. "Recent advances on palm oil mill effluent (POME) pretreatment and anaerobic reactor for sustainable biogas production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    18. Jurado, Esperanza & Skiadas, Ioannis V. & Gavala, Hariklia N., 2013. "Enhanced methane productivity from manure fibers by aqueous ammonia soaking pretreatment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 104-111.
    19. Elizabeth Dickinson & Mark Harrison & Marc Parker & Michael Dickinson & James Donarski & Adrian Charlton & Rosie Nolan & Aida Rafat & Florence Gschwend & Jason Hallett & Maureen Wakefield & Julie Wils, 2019. "From waste to food: Optimising the breakdown of oil palm waste to provide substrate for insects farmed as animal feed," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(11), pages 1-22, November.

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