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Optimization of Pump Turbine Closing Operation to Minimize Water Hammer and Pulsating Pressures During Load Rejection

Author

Listed:
  • Jiawei Ye

    (State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

  • Wei Zeng

    (School of Civil, Environmental & Mining Engineering, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia)

  • Zhigao Zhao

    (State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

  • Jiebin Yang

    (State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

  • Jiandong Yang

    (State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

Abstract

In load rejection transitional processes in pumped-storage plants (PSPs), the process of closing pump turbines, including guide vane (GVCS) and ball valve closing schemes (BVCS), is crucial for controlling pulsating pressures and water hammer. Extreme pressures generated during the load rejection process may result in fatigue damage to turbines, and cracks or even bursts in the penstocks. In this study, the closing schemes for pump turbine guide vanes and ball valves are optimized to minimize water hammer and pulsating pressures. A model is first developed to simulate water hammer pressures and to estimate pulsating pressures at the spiral case and draft tube of a pump turbine. This is combined with genetic algorithms (GA) or non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) to realize single- or multi-objective optimizations. To increase the applicability of the optimized result to different scenarios, the optimization model is further extended by considering two different load-rejection scenarios: full load-rejection of one pump versus two pump turbines, simultaneously. The fuzzy membership degree method provides the best compromise solution for the attained Pareto solutions set in the multi-objective optimization. Employing these optimization models, robust closing schemes can be developed for guide vanes and ball valves under various design requirements.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiawei Ye & Wei Zeng & Zhigao Zhao & Jiebin Yang & Jiandong Yang, 2020. "Optimization of Pump Turbine Closing Operation to Minimize Water Hammer and Pulsating Pressures During Load Rejection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-18, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:1000-:d:324256
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Lei, Liuwei & Li, Feng & Kheav, Kimleng & Jiang, Wei & Luo, Xingqi & Patelli, Edoardo & Xu, Beibei & Chen, Diyi, 2021. "A start-up optimization strategy of a hydroelectric generating system: From a symmetrical structure to asymmetric structure on diversion pipes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 1148-1165.
    3. Javier Menéndez & Jesús M. Fernández-Oro & Mónica Galdo & Jorge Loredo, 2020. "Transient Simulation of Underground Pumped Storage Hydropower Plants Operating in Pumping Mode," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-17, April.
    4. Wang, Wenjie & Tai, Geyuan & Pei, Ji & Pavesi, Giorgio & Yuan, Shouqi, 2022. "Numerical investigation of the effect of the closure law of wicket gates on the transient characteristics of pump-turbine in pump mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 719-733.
    5. He, Xianghui & Yang, Jiandong & Yang, Jiebin & Zhao, Zhigao & Hu, Jinhong & Peng, Tao, 2023. "Evolution mechanism of water column separation in pump turbine: Model experiment and occurrence criterion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    6. Liu, Baonan & Zhou, Jianzhong & Xu, Yanhe & Lai, Xinjie & Shi, Yousong & Li, Mengyao, 2022. "An optimization decision-making framework for the optimal operation strategy of pumped storage hydropower system under extreme conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 254-273.
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    8. Alessandro Morabito & Jan Spriet & Elena Vagnoni & Patrick Hendrick, 2020. "Underground Pumped Storage Hydropower Case Studies in Belgium: Perspectives and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-24, August.
    9. Minglu Zhang & Jie Liu & Junqin Yu & Changhua Nie, 2025. "Characteristics and Optimization of Transient Process of Pump-Turbine Units in Power Generation Mode," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-15, January.

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