IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v12y2019i4p716-d208157.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Numerical Study on Flow Characteristics in a Francis Turbine during Load Rejection

Author

Listed:
  • Daqing Zhou

    (College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Huixiang Chen

    (College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
    College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Jie Zhang

    (Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Corporation Limited, Shanghai 200434, China)

  • Shengwen Jiang

    (College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Jia Gui

    (College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Chunxia Yang

    (College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • An Yu

    (College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

Abstract

Labyrinth seals are not usually included in the numerical models of hydraulic machinery to simplify the geometric modeling, and thereby reduce the calculation burden. However, this simplification affects the numerical results, especially in the load rejection process, because disc friction losses, volume losses, and pressure fluctuations in the seal ring (SR) clearance passage are neglected. This paper addresses the issue by considering all of the geometrical details of labyrinth seals when conducting multiscale flow simulations of a high head Francis turbine under a transient load rejection condition using the commercial software code. A comparison of the numerical results that were obtained with the experimental testing data indicates that the calculated values of both torque and mass discharge rate are 8.65% and 5% slightly less than the corresponding values that were obtained from experimental model testing, respectively. The obtained pressure fluctuations of the Francis turbine in the vaneless zone and the draft tube appear to more closely match with the experimental test data when including SR clearance. Moreover, the flow rates through SR clearance passages were very small, but the pressure fluctuations among them were significantly enhanced under the minimal load condition. The numerical model with SR clearance can more accurately reflect the fact that the water thrust on the runner only fluctuates from 800 N to 575 N during the load rejection process, even though the water thrust on the blades varies from −220 N to 1200 N. Therefore, multiscale flow study is of great significance in understanding the effect of clearance flow on the load rejection process in the Francis turbine.

Suggested Citation

  • Daqing Zhou & Huixiang Chen & Jie Zhang & Shengwen Jiang & Jia Gui & Chunxia Yang & An Yu, 2019. "Numerical Study on Flow Characteristics in a Francis Turbine during Load Rejection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:716-:d:208157
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/4/716/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/4/716/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ravi Koirala & Baoshan Zhu & Hari Prasad Neopane, 2016. "Effect of Guide Vane Clearance Gap on Francis Turbine Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Jianzhong Zhou & Yanhe Xu & Yang Zheng & Yuncheng Zhang, 2017. "Optimization of Guide Vane Closing Schemes of Pumped Storage Hydro Unit Using an Enhanced Multi-Objective Gravitational Search Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-23, July.
    3. Spänhoff, Bernd, 2014. "Current status and future prospects of hydropower in Saxony (Germany) compared to trends in Germany, the European Union and the World," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 518-525.
    4. Chirag Trivedi & Michel J. Cervantes & B. K. Gandhi, 2016. "Investigation of a High Head Francis Turbine at Runaway Operating Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-22, March.
    5. Fu, Xiaolong & Li, Deyou & Wang, Hongjie & Zhang, Guanghui & Li, Zhenggui & Wei, Xianzhu, 2018. "Influence of the clearance flow on the load rejection process in a pump-turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 310-321.
    6. Trivedi, Chirag & Gandhi, Bhupendra K. & Cervantes, Michel J. & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar, 2015. "Experimental investigations of a model Francis turbine during shutdown at synchronous speed," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 828-836.
    7. Daqing Zhou & Huixiang Chen & Languo Zhang, 2018. "Investigation of Pumped Storage Hydropower Power-Off Transient Process Using 3D Numerical Simulation Based on SP-VOF Hybrid Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-16, April.
    8. Li, Deyou & Wang, Hongjie & Li, Zhenggui & Nielsen, Torbjørn Kristian & Goyal, Rahul & Wei, Xianzhu & Qin, Daqing, 2018. "Transient characteristics during the closure of guide vanes in a pump-turbine in pump mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 973-983.
    9. Okot, David Kilama, 2013. "Review of small hydropower technology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 515-520.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Piotr Duda & Łukasz Felkowski & Adam Zieliński & Andrzej Duda, 2019. "An Analysis of a Reheater Failure and a Proposal to Upgrade the Device Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-10, June.
    2. Sun, Longgang & Guo, Pengcheng & Yan, Jianguo, 2021. "Transient analysis of load rejection for a high-head Francis turbine based on structured overset mesh," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 658-671.
    3. Lucie Zemanová & Pavel Rudolf, 2020. "Flow Inside the Sidewall Gaps of Hydraulic Machines: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-37, December.
    4. Zheming Tong & Zhongqin Yang & Qing Huang & Qiang Yao, 2022. "Numerical Modeling of the Hydrodynamic Performance of Slanted Axial-Flow Urban Drainage Pumps at Shut-Off Condition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-17, March.
    5. Meng Zhang & Jinhai Feng & Ziwen Zhao & Wei Zhang & Junzhi Zhang & Beibei Xu, 2022. "A 1D-3D Coupling Model to Evaluate Hydropower Generation System Stability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-13, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Fu, Shifeng & Zheng, Yuan & Kan, Kan & Chen, Huixiang & Han, Xingxing & Liang, Xiaoling & Liu, Huiwen & Tian, Xiaoqing, 2020. "Numerical simulation and experimental study of transient characteristics in an axial flow pump during start-up," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 1879-1887.
    2. Li, Deyou & Fu, Xiaolong & Zuo, Zhigang & Wang, Hongjie & Li, Zhenggui & Liu, Shuhong & Wei, Xianzhu, 2019. "Investigation methods for analysis of transient phenomena concerning design and operation of hydraulic-machine systems—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 26-46.
    3. Zheming Tong & Zhongqin Yang & Qing Huang & Qiang Yao, 2022. "Numerical Modeling of the Hydrodynamic Performance of Slanted Axial-Flow Urban Drainage Pumps at Shut-Off Condition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-17, March.
    4. Xing Zhou & Changzheng Shi & Kazuyoshi Miyagawa & Hegao Wu & Jinhong Yu & Zhu Ma, 2020. "Investigation of Pressure Fluctuation and Pulsating Hydraulic Axial Thrust in Francis Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-16, April.
    5. Kan, Kan & Zheng, Yuan & Chen, Huixiang & Zhou, Daqing & Dai, Jing & Binama, Maxime & Yu, An, 2020. "Numerical simulation of transient flow in a shaft extension tubular pump unit during runaway process caused by power failure," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1153-1164.
    6. Goyal, Rahul & Gandhi, Bhupendra K., 2018. "Review of hydrodynamics instabilities in Francis turbine during off-design and transient operations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(PA), pages 697-709.
    7. Huixiang Chen & Daqing Zhou & Yuan Zheng & Shengwen Jiang & An Yu & You Guo, 2018. "Load Rejection Transient Process Simulation of a Kaplan Turbine Model by Co-Adjusting Guide Vanes and Runner Blades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-18, November.
    8. Fu, Xiaolong & Li, Deyou & Wang, Hongjie & Zhang, Guanghui & Li, Zhenggui & Wei, Xianzhu, 2018. "Influence of the clearance flow on the load rejection process in a pump-turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 310-321.
    9. Nirmal Acharya & Saroj Gautam & Sailesh Chitrakar & Chirag Trivedi & Ole Gunnar Dahlhaug, 2021. "Leakage Vortex Progression through a Guide Vane’s Clearance Gap and the Resulting Pressure Fluctuation in a Francis Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-19, July.
    10. Hu, Jinhong & Zhao, Zhigao & He, Xianghui & Zeng, Wei & Yang, Jiebin & Yang, Jiandong, 2023. "Design techniques for improving energy performance and S-shaped characteristics of a pump-turbine with splitter blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 333-349.
    11. Sun, Longgang & Guo, Pengcheng & Yan, Jianguo, 2021. "Transient analysis of load rejection for a high-head Francis turbine based on structured overset mesh," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 658-671.
    12. Zhiyan Yang & Zirui Liu & Yongguang Cheng & Xiaoxi Zhang & Ke Liu & Linsheng Xia, 2020. "Differences of Flow Patterns and Pressure Pulsations in Four Prototype Pump-Turbines during Runaway Transient Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-20, October.
    13. Xiaoxia Hou & Yongguang Cheng & Zhiyan Yang & Ke Liu & Xiaoxi Zhang & Demin Liu, 2021. "Influence of Clearance Flow on Dynamic Hydraulic Forces of Pump-Turbine during Runaway Transient Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-20, May.
    14. Sharma, Ameesh Kumar & Thakur, N.S., 2015. "Resource potential and development of small hydro power projects in Jammu and Kashmir in the western Himalayan region: India," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1354-1368.
    15. Liu, Quan-Zhong & Su, Wen-Tao & Li, Xiao-Bin & Zhang, Ya-Ning, 2020. "Dynamic characteristics of load rejection process in a reversible pump-turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 1922-1931.
    16. Jin, Faye & Wang, Huanmao & Luo, Yongyao & Presas, Alexandre & Bi, Huili & Wang, Zhengwei & Lin, Kai & Lei, Xingchun & Yang, Xiaolong, 2023. "Visualization research of energy dissipation in a pump turbine unit during turbine mode's starting up," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    17. Wuyi Wan & Boran Zhang, 2018. "Investigation of Water Hammer Protection in Water Supply Pipeline Systems Using an Intelligent Self-Controlled Surge Tank," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-16, June.
    18. Wuyi Wan & Boran Zhang & Xiaoyi Chen, 2018. "Investigation on Water Hammer Control of Centrifugal Pumps in Water Supply Pipeline Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-20, December.
    19. Kan, Kan & Chen, Huixiang & Zheng, Yuan & Zhou, Daqing & Binama, Maxime & Dai, Jing, 2021. "Transient characteristics during power-off process in a shaft extension tubular pump by using a suitable numerical model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 109-121.
    20. Shi, Lijian & Zhang, Wenpeng & Jiao, Haifeng & Tang, Fangping & Wang, Li & Sun, Dandan & Shi, Wei, 2020. "Numerical simulation and experimental study on the comparison of the hydraulic characteristics of an axial-flow pump and a full tubular pump," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 1455-1464.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:716-:d:208157. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.