IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i15p3996-d393768.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Long-Term Electricity Demand Prediction via Socioeconomic Factors—A Machine Learning Approach with Florida as a Case Study

Author

Listed:
  • Marwen Elkamel

    (Industrial Engineering & Management Systems Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA)

  • Lily Schleider

    (Industrial Engineering & Management Systems Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA)

  • Eduardo L. Pasiliao

    (Air Force Research Laboratory Munitions Directorate, Eglin Air Force Base, FL 32542, USA)

  • Ali Diabat

    (Division of Engineering, New York University, Abu Dhabi 129188, UAE)

  • Qipeng P. Zheng

    (Industrial Engineering & Management Systems Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA)

Abstract

Predicting future energy demand will allow for better planning and operation of electricity providers. Suppliers will have an idea of what they need to prepare for, thereby preventing over and under-production. This can save money and make the energy industry more efficient. We applied a multiple regression model and three Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in order to predict Florida’s future electricity use. The multiple regression model was a time series model that included all the variables and employed a regression equation. The univariant CNN only accounts for the energy consumption variable. The multichannel network takes into account all the time series variables. The multihead network created a CNN model for each of the variables and then combined them through concatenation. For all of the models, the dataset was split up into training and testing data so the predictions could be compared to the actual values in order to avoid overfitting and to provide an unbiased estimate of model accuracy. Historical data from January 2010 to December 2017 were used. The results for the multiple regression model concluded that the variables month, Cooling Degree Days, Heating Degree Days and GDP were significant in predicting future electricity demand. Other multiple regression models were formulated that utilized other variables that were correlated to the variables in the best-selected model. These variables included: number of visitors to the state, population, number of consumers and number of households. For the CNNs, the univariant predictions had more diverse and higher Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) values compared to the multichannel and multihead network. The multichannel network performed the best out of the three CNNs. In summary, the multichannel model was found to be the best at predicting future electricity demand out of all the models considered, including the regression model based on the datasets employed.

Suggested Citation

  • Marwen Elkamel & Lily Schleider & Eduardo L. Pasiliao & Ali Diabat & Qipeng P. Zheng, 2020. "Long-Term Electricity Demand Prediction via Socioeconomic Factors—A Machine Learning Approach with Florida as a Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-21, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:15:p:3996-:d:393768
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/15/3996/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/15/3996/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Angelopoulos, Dimitrios & Siskos, Yannis & Psarras, John, 2019. "Disaggregating time series on multiple criteria for robust forecasting: The case of long-term electricity demand in Greece," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 275(1), pages 252-265.
    2. Ahmed, T. & Vu, D.H. & Muttaqi, K.M. & Agalgaonkar, A.P., 2018. "Load forecasting under changing climatic conditions for the city of Sydney, Australia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 911-919.
    3. Vu, D.H. & Muttaqi, K.M. & Agalgaonkar, A.P., 2015. "A variance inflation factor and backward elimination based robust regression model for forecasting monthly electricity demand using climatic variables," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 385-394.
    4. Wang, Siyan & Sun, Xun & Lall, Upmanu, 2017. "A hierarchical Bayesian regression model for predicting summer residential electricity demand across the U.S.A," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 601-611.
    5. Robert A. Buckle & David Haugh & Peter Thomson, 2004. "Markov Switching Models for GDP Growth in a Small Open Economy: The New Zealand Experience," Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis, OECD Publishing, Centre for International Research on Economic Tendency Surveys, vol. 2004(2), pages 227-257.
    6. Mohammed, Nooriya A., 2018. "Modelling of unsuppressed electrical demand forecasting in Iraq for long term," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 354-363.
    7. Chen, Qiwei & Costantini, Mauro & Deschamps, Bruno, 2016. "How accurate are professional forecasts in Asia? Evidence from ten countries," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 154-167.
    8. He, Yaoyao & Qin, Yang & Wang, Shuo & Wang, Xu & Wang, Chao, 2019. "Electricity consumption probability density forecasting method based on LASSO-Quantile Regression Neural Network," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 565-575.
    9. Komi Nagbe & Jairo Cugliari & Julien Jacques, 2018. "Short-Term Electricity Demand Forecasting Using a Functional State Space Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-24, May.
    10. Atalla, Tarek N. & Hunt, Lester C., 2016. "Modelling residential electricity demand in the GCC countries," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 149-158.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hao Yang & Maoyu Ran & Chaoqun Zhuang, 2022. "Prediction of Building Electricity Consumption Based on Joinpoint−Multiple Linear Regression," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Omar Jouma El-Hafez & Tarek Y. ElMekkawy & Mohamed Kharbeche & Ahmed Massoud, 2022. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Qatar Electricity Demand and Load Forecasting: Preparedness of Distribution Networks for Emerging Situations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-13, July.
    3. Atif Maqbool Khan & Artur Wyrwa, 2024. "A Survey of Quantitative Techniques in Electricity Consumption—A Global Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-38, September.
    4. Dana-Mihaela Petroșanu & Alexandru Pîrjan, 2020. "Electricity Consumption Forecasting Based on a Bidirectional Long-Short-Term Memory Artificial Neural Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-31, December.
    5. Yaqing Sheng & Jinpeng Liu & Delin Wei & Xiaohua Song, 2021. "Heterogeneous Study of Multiple Disturbance Factors Outside Residential Electricity Consumption: A Case Study of Beijing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-22, March.
    6. Rubens A. Fernandes & Raimundo C. S. Gomes & Carlos T. Costa & Celso Carvalho & Neilson L. Vilaça & Lennon B. F. Nascimento & Fabricio R. Seppe & Israel G. Torné & Heitor L. N. da Silva, 2023. "A Demand Forecasting Strategy Based on a Retrofit Architecture for Remote Monitoring of Legacy Building Circuits," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-37, July.
    7. Paul Anton Verwiebe & Stephan Seim & Simon Burges & Lennart Schulz & Joachim Müller-Kirchenbauer, 2021. "Modeling Energy Demand—A Systematic Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-58, November.
    8. Bibi Ibrahim & Luis Rabelo, 2021. "A Deep Learning Approach for Peak Load Forecasting: A Case Study on Panama," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-26, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Paul Anton Verwiebe & Stephan Seim & Simon Burges & Lennart Schulz & Joachim Müller-Kirchenbauer, 2021. "Modeling Energy Demand—A Systematic Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-58, November.
    2. Carolina Deina & João Lucas Ferreira dos Santos & Lucas Henrique Biuk & Mauro Lizot & Attilio Converti & Hugo Valadares Siqueira & Flavio Trojan, 2023. "Forecasting Electricity Demand by Neural Networks and Definition of Inputs by Multi-Criteria Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-24, February.
    3. Ismail Shah & Hasnain Iftikhar & Sajid Ali, 2020. "Modeling and Forecasting Medium-Term Electricity Consumption Using Component Estimation Technique," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 2(2), pages 1-17, May.
    4. Jing, Gang & Cai, Wenjian & Zhang, Xin & Cui, Can & Yin, Xiaohong & Xian, Huacai, 2019. "An energy-saving oriented air balancing strategy for multi-zone demand-controlled ventilation system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1053-1065.
    5. Han, Lin & Kordzakhia, Nino & Trück, Stefan, 2020. "Volatility spillovers in Australian electricity markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    6. Fakhri J. Hasanov & Jeyhun I. Mikayilov, 2020. "Revisiting Energy Demand Relationship: Theory and Empirical Application," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-15, April.
    7. Martha Misas & María Teresa Ramírez, 2005. "Depressions In The Colombian Economic Growth During The Xx Century:A Markov Switching Regime Model," Borradores de Economia 2274, Banco de la Republica.
    8. Rossouw, Stephanie & Greyling, Talita & Adhikari, Tamanna & Morrison, Phillip S., 2020. "Markov switching models for happiness during a pandemic: The New-Zealand experience," GLO Discussion Paper Series 573, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    9. Rao, Congjun & Zhang, Yue & Wen, Jianghui & Xiao, Xinping & Goh, Mark, 2023. "Energy demand forecasting in China: A support vector regression-compositional data second exponential smoothing model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    10. Wilkinson, Sam & Maticka, Martin J. & Liu, Yue & John, Michele, 2021. "The duck curve in a drying pond: The impact of rooftop PV on the Western Australian electricity market transition," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    11. Zhang, Ning & Li, Zhiying & Zou, Xun & Quiring, Steven M., 2019. "Comparison of three short-term load forecast models in Southern California," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    12. Sinclair, Tara M., 2019. "Characteristics and implications of Chinese macroeconomic data revisions," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1108-1117.
    13. Yuhan Zhang & Youqi Wang & Yiru Bai & Ruiyuan Zhang & Xu Liu & Xian Ma, 2023. "Prediction of Spatial Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon in Helan Farmland Based on Different Prediction Models," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-15, October.
    14. Bharat Prasad Bhandari & Subodh Dhakal & Ching-Ying Tsou, 2024. "Assessing the Prediction Accuracy of Frequency Ratio, Weight of Evidence, Shannon Entropy, and Information Value Methods for Landslide Susceptibility in the Siwalik Hills of Nepal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-25, March.
    15. Oreshkin, Boris N. & Dudek, Grzegorz & Pełka, Paweł & Turkina, Ekaterina, 2021. "N-BEATS neural network for mid-term electricity load forecasting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    16. Griffiths, Steven, 2017. "A review and assessment of energy policy in the Middle East and North Africa region," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 249-269.
    17. Deschamps, Bruno & Ioannidis, Christos & Ka, Kook, 2020. "High-frequency credit spread information and macroeconomic forecast revision," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 358-372.
    18. Grigoroudis, Evangelos & Noel, Laurent & Galariotis, Emilios & Zopounidis, Constantin, 2021. "An ordinal regression approach for analyzing consumer preferences in the art market," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 290(2), pages 718-733.
    19. Gael M. Martin & David T. Frazier & Ruben Loaiza-Maya & Florian Huber & Gary Koop & John Maheu & Didier Nibbering & Anastasios Panagiotelis, 2023. "Bayesian Forecasting in the 21st Century: A Modern Review," Monash Econometrics and Business Statistics Working Papers 1/23, Monash University, Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics.
    20. Chabouni, Naima & Belarbi, Yacine & Benhassine, Wassim, 2020. "Electricity load dynamics, temperature and seasonality Nexus in Algeria," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:15:p:3996-:d:393768. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.