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Investigation of In-Cylinder Steam Injection in a Turbocharged Diesel Engine for Waste Heat Recovery and NO x Emission Control

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  • Zhongbo Zhang

    (School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China)

  • Lifu Li

    (School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China)

Abstract

In this study, an in-cylinder steam injection method is introduced and applied to a turbocharged diesel engine for waste heat recovery and NO x emission reduction. In the method, cool water was first heated into superheated steam by exhaust. Then the superheated steam was directly injected into the cylinder during the compression stroke. The potential for fuel savings and NO x emission reduction obtained by this method was investigated. First, a two-zone combustion model for the baseline engine was established and calibrated with the experimental data. Based on the model, the effects of steam injection mass, temperature, and timing on engine performance and NO x emission were investigated. The results demonstrate that in-cylinder steam injection can improve engine performance and reduce NO x emissions significantly at all engine speeds. Optimal steam injection mass is obtained under full load at engine speed from 1000 rpm to 1900 rpm when the steam injection timing and temperature are −30° and 550 K, respectively. Under those conditions, engine torque is increased by 9.5–10.9%, brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) is reduced by 8.6–9.9%, and NO x emission is decreased by 83.4–91.8%. Steam injection mass and injection timing are the main parameters that significantly affect engine performance and NO x emission.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhongbo Zhang & Lifu Li, 2018. "Investigation of In-Cylinder Steam Injection in a Turbocharged Diesel Engine for Waste Heat Recovery and NO x Emission Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:936-:d:141102
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    Cited by:

    1. Giorgio Zamboni, 2018. "A Study on Combustion Parameters in an Automotive Turbocharged Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-21, September.
    2. Raj Kumar Kamaraj & Jinu Gowthami Thankachi Raghuvaran & Arul Franco Panimayam & Haiter Lenin Allasi, 2018. "Performance and Exhaust Emission Optimization of a Dual Fuel Engine by Response Surface Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Zhang, Zhongbo & Liu, Qin & Zhao, Rongchao & Chen, Youpeng & Qin, Qichao, 2022. "Research on in-cylinder steam injection in a turbocompound diesel engine for fuel savings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    4. Liu, Qi & Xie, Mingke & Fu, Jianqin & Liu, Jingping & Deng, Banglin, 2021. "Cylinder steam injection (CSI) for internal combustion (IC) engine waste heat recovery (WHR) and its application on natural gas (NG) engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    5. Rajesh Ravi & Senthilkumar Pachamuthu, 2018. "Design and Development of Innovative Protracted-Finned Counter Flow Heat Exchanger (PFCHE) for an Engine WHR and Its Impact on Exhaust Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-19, October.
    6. Meshack Hawi & Ahmed Elwardany & Mohamed Ismail & Mahmoud Ahmed, 2019. "Experimental Investigation on Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine Fueled with Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel–Diesel Blend Enhanced with Iron-Doped Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-18, February.
    7. Li, Lifu & Zhang, Zhongbo, 2019. "Investigation on steam direct injection in a natural gas engine for fuel savings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 958-970.
    8. Zhang, Zhongbo & Wan, Weijian & Zhang, Wencan & Liu, Qin & Zhao, Rongchao & Chen, Youpeng & Qin, Qichao, 2022. "Research of the impacts of in-cylinder steam injection and ignition timing on the performance and NO emission of a LPG engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PB).

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