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The Impact of Drive Cycles and Auxiliary Power on Passenger Car Fuel Economy

Author

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  • Thomas Grube

    (Institute of Electrochemical Process Engineering (IEK-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany)

  • Detlef Stolten

    (Institute of Electrochemical Process Engineering (IEK-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
    Chair for Fuel Cells, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany)

Abstract

In view of the advancement of zero emission transportation and current discussions on the reliability of nominal passenger car fuel economy, this article considers the procedure for assessing the potential for reducing the fuel consumption of passenger cars by using electric power to operate them. The analysis compares internal combustion engines, hybrid and fully electric concepts utilizing batteries and fuel cells. The starting point for the newly developed, simulation-based fuel consumption analysis is a longitudinal vehicle model. Mechanical power requirements on the drive side incorporate a large variety of standardized drive cycles to simulate typical patterns of car usage. The power requirements of electric heating and air conditioning are also included in the simulation, as these are especially relevant to electric powertrains. Moreover, on-board grid-load profiles are considered in the assessment. Fuel consumption is optimized by applying concept-specific operating strategies. The results show that the combination of low average driving speed and elevated onboard power requirements have severe impacts on the fuel efficiency of all powertrain configurations analyzed. In particular, the operational range of battery-electric vehicles is strongly affected by this due to the limited storage capacity of today’s batteries. The analysis confirms the significance of considering different load patterns of vehicle usage related to driving profiles and onboard electrical and thermal loads.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Grube & Detlef Stolten, 2018. "The Impact of Drive Cycles and Auxiliary Power on Passenger Car Fuel Economy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-26, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:1010-:d:142330
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Patil, V. & Shastry, V. & Himabindu, M. & Ravikrishna, R.V., 2016. "Life-cycle analysis of energy and greenhouse gas emissions of automotive fuels in India: Part 2 – Well-to-wheels analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 699-712.
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    3. Gupta, S. & Patil, V. & Himabindu, M. & Ravikrishna, R.V., 2016. "Life-cycle analysis of energy and greenhouse gas emissions of automotive fuels in India: Part 1 – Tank-to-Wheel analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 684-698.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Atiquzzaman Khan Ankur & Stefan Kraus & Thomas Grube & Rui Castro & Detlef Stolten, 2022. "A Versatile Model for Estimating the Fuel Consumption of a Wide Range of Transport Modes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-24, March.
    3. Frederik vom Scheidt & Jingyi Qu & Philipp Staudt & Dharik S. Mallapragada & Christof Weinhardt, 2021. "Integrating Hydrogen in Single-Price Electricity Systems: The Effects of Spatial Economic Signals," Papers 2105.00130, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2021.
    4. Orkhan Nadirov & Jana Vychytilová & Bruce Dehning, 2020. "Carbon Taxes and the Composition of New Passenger Car Sales in Europe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-15, September.
    5. Carmen Raga & Andres Barrado & Henry Miniguano & Antonio Lazaro & Isabel Quesada & Alberto Martin-Lozano, 2018. "Analysis and Sizing of Power Distribution Architectures Applied to Fuel Cell Based Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-30, September.
    6. vom Scheidt, Frederik & Qu, Jingyi & Staudt, Philipp & Mallapragada, Dharik S. & Weinhardt, Christof, 2022. "Integrating hydrogen in single-price electricity systems: The effects of spatial economic signals," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    7. Bansal, Vishal & Kumar, Deepak Prakash & Roy, Debjit & Subramanian, Shankar C., 2022. "Performance evaluation and optimization of design parameters for electric vehicle-sharing platforms by considering vehicle dynamics," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    8. Reuß, Markus & Grube, Thomas & Robinius, Martin & Stolten, Detlef, 2019. "A hydrogen supply chain with spatial resolution: Comparative analysis of infrastructure technologies in Germany," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C), pages 438-453.
    9. Zhe Kang & Zhehao Zhang & Jun Deng & Liguang Li & Zhijun Wu, 2019. "Experimental Research of High-Temperature and High-Pressure Water Jet Characteristics in ICRC Engine Relevant Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-17, May.
    10. Adrian König & Sebastian Mayer & Lorenzo Nicoletti & Stephan Tumphart & Markus Lienkamp, 2022. "The Impact of HVAC on the Development of Autonomous and Electric Vehicle Concepts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-20, January.

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