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Driving and charging patterns of electric vehicles for energy usage

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  • Speidel, Stuart
  • Bräunl, Thomas

Abstract

This paper presents findings from the Western Australian Electric Vehicle Trial (2010–2012) and the ongoing Electric vehicle (EV) charging research network in Perth. The University of Western Australia is collecting the data from eleven locally converted EVs and 23 charging stations. The data confirms most charging is conducted at business and home locations (55%), while charging stations were only used for 33% of charging events. The EV charging power over time-of-day and aggregated over all charging stations closely resembles a solar PV curve, which means that EV charging stations can ideally be offset by solar PV. Another important finding is that EVs spend significantly more time at a charging station than what is technically required for the charging process. Also on average, EVs have more than 50% battery charge remaining when they plug in. This tells us parking spaces are in higher demand than Level-2 charging facilities.

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  • Speidel, Stuart & Bräunl, Thomas, 2014. "Driving and charging patterns of electric vehicles for energy usage," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 97-110.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:40:y:2014:i:c:p:97-110
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.177
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    7. Zhang, Jin & Wang, Zhenpo & Liu, Peng & Zhang, Zhaosheng, 2020. "Energy consumption analysis and prediction of electric vehicles based on real-world driving data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
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    9. Alegre, Susana & Míguez, Juan V. & Carpio, José, 2017. "Modelling of electric and parallel-hybrid electric vehicle using Matlab/Simulink environment and planning of charging stations through a geographic information system and genetic algorithms," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 1020-1027.
    10. Xydas, Erotokritos & Marmaras, Charalampos & Cipcigan, Liana M. & Jenkins, Nick & Carroll, Steve & Barker, Myles, 2016. "A data-driven approach for characterising the charging demand of electric vehicles: A UK case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 763-771.
    11. Chengxiang Zhuge & Chunfu Shao & Xia Li, 2019. "Empirical Analysis of Parking Behaviour of Conventional and Electric Vehicles for Parking Modelling: A Case Study of Beijing, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-21, August.
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    14. Shepero, Mahmoud & Munkhammar, Joakim & Widén, Joakim & Bishop, Justin D.K. & Boström, Tobias, 2018. "Modeling of photovoltaic power generation and electric vehicles charging on city-scale: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 61-71.
    15. Maldonado, Josué & Jain, Apollo & Castellanos, Sergio, 2024. "Assessing the impact of electric vehicles in Mexico’s electricity sector and supporting policies," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    16. Morrissey, Patrick & Weldon, Peter & O’Mahony, Margaret, 2016. "Future standard and fast charging infrastructure planning: An analysis of electric vehicle charging behaviour," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 257-270.
    17. Hu, Dingding & Zhou, Kaile & Li, Fangyi & Ma, Dawei, 2022. "Electric vehicle user classification and value discovery based on charging big data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    18. Zhang, Xiang & Bai, Xue, 2017. "Incentive policies from 2006 to 2016 and new energy vehicle adoption in 2010–2020 in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 24-43.
    19. Khaleghikarahrodi, Mehrsa & Macht, Gretchen A., 2023. "Patterns, no patterns, that is the question: Quantifying users’ electric vehicle charging," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 291-304.
    20. Li, Jizi & Ku, Yaoyao & Yu, Yue & Liu, Chunling & Zhou, Yuping, 2020. "Optimizing production of new energy vehicles with across-chain cooperation under China’s dual credit policy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    21. Vassileva, Iana & Campillo, Javier, 2017. "Adoption barriers for electric vehicles: Experiences from early adopters in Sweden," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 632-641.
    22. Andrenacci, N. & Ragona, R. & Valenti, G., 2016. "A demand-side approach to the optimal deployment of electric vehicle charging stations in metropolitan areas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 39-46.
    23. Schücking, Maximilian & Jochem, Patrick & Fichtner, Wolf & Wollersheim, Olaf & Stella, Kevin, 2017. "Charging strategies for economic operations of electric vehicles in commercial applications," MPRA Paper 91599, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    24. Yang, Zhile & Li, Kang & Foley, Aoife, 2015. "Computational scheduling methods for integrating plug-in electric vehicles with power systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 396-416.
    25. Mahmoudzadeh Andwari, Amin & Pesiridis, Apostolos & Rajoo, Srithar & Martinez-Botas, Ricardo & Esfahanian, Vahid, 2017. "A review of Battery Electric Vehicle technology and readiness levels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 414-430.

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