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Small-Scale Biodiesel Production Plants—An Overview

Author

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  • Maria Gabriela De Paola

    (Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and System Engineering (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 39 C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy)

  • Ivan Mazza

    (Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and System Engineering (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 39 C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy)

  • Rosy Paletta

    (Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and System Engineering (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 39 C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy)

  • Catia Giovanna Lopresto

    (Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and System Engineering (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 39 C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy)

  • Vincenza Calabrò

    (Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and System Engineering (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 39 C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy)

Abstract

Small-scale plants that produce biodiesel have many social, economic and environmental advantages. Indeed, small plants significantly contribute to renewable energy production and rural development. Communities can use/reuse local raw materials and manage independently processes to obtain biofuels by essential, simple, flexible and cheap tools for self-supply. The review and understanding of recent plants of small biodiesel production is essential to identify limitations and critical units for improvement of the current process. Biodiesel production consists of four main stages, that are pre-treatment of oils, reaction, separation of products and biodiesel purification. Among lots of possibilities, waste cooking oils were chosen as cheap and green sources to produce biodiesel by base-catalyzed transesterification in a batch reactor. In this paper an overview on small-scale production plants is presented with the aim to put in evidence process, materials, control systems, energy consumption and economic parameters useful for the project and design of such scale of plants. Final considerations related to the use of biodiesel such as renewable energy storage (RES) in small communities are discussed too.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Gabriela De Paola & Ivan Mazza & Rosy Paletta & Catia Giovanna Lopresto & Vincenza Calabrò, 2021. "Small-Scale Biodiesel Production Plants—An Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:7:p:1901-:d:526574
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Elgharbawy, Abdallah S. & Ali, Rehab M., 2022. "Techno-economic assessment of the biodiesel production using natural minerals rocks as a heterogeneous catalyst via conventional and ultrasonic techniques," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 161-175.
    2. Tirkey, Jeewan Vachan & Kumar, Ajeet & Singh, Deepak Kumar, 2022. "Energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and economic feasibility studies of biodiesel production from Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) in India," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).

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