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Recent development of hydrothermal liquefaction for algal biorefinery

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  • Gu, X.
  • Martinez-Fernandez, J.S.
  • Pang, N.
  • Fu, X.
  • Chen, S.

Abstract

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is considered as one of the most promising methods for converting algal biomass to bio-oil and other value-added chemicals. The conventional HTL process, however, is limited by its incapability of recovering high-value bioactive compounds that are desirable for enhancing overall process feasibility. The two-stage sequential hydrothermal liquefaction (SEQHTL) process was proposed as an alternative to overcome this limitation. SEQHTL operates at reduced temperature and pressure to facilitate production of co-products in addition to bio-oil. This article offers a comprehensive review of the SEQHTL process in comparison with conventional HTL. Main topics include: operation principles and targeting final products of HTL, reaction mechanisms of algal biomass in the HTL process, recent publications on algae-related HTL studies, features of the SEQHTL process, advantages of the SEQHTL process for production of high quality bio-oil as well as extraction of prospective high-value co-products that may be harvested from microalgae biomass, cost advantage of the SEQHTL process, challenges identified with techno-economic and life-cycle assessments, and suggested future HTL research and development in comparison with other conversion technologies. All these aspects collectively provide an overview of the SEQHTL technology.

Suggested Citation

  • Gu, X. & Martinez-Fernandez, J.S. & Pang, N. & Fu, X. & Chen, S., 2020. "Recent development of hydrothermal liquefaction for algal biorefinery," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:121:y:2020:i:c:s1364032120300058
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.109707
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    4. Cao, Yang & He, Mingjing & Dutta, Shanta & Luo, Gang & Zhang, Shicheng & Tsang, Daniel C.W., 2021. "Hydrothermal carbonization and liquefaction for sustainable production of hydrochar and aromatics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    5. Natalia Politaeva & Yulia Smyatskaya & Rafat Al Afif & Christoph Pfeifer & Liliya Mukhametova, 2020. "Development of Full-Cycle Utilization of Chlorella sorokiniana Microalgae Biomass for Environmental and Food Purposes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-16, May.
    6. Ratha, Sachitra Kumar & Renuka, Nirmal & Abunama, Taher & Rawat, Ismail & Bux, Faizal, 2022. "Hydrothermal liquefaction of algal feedstocks: The effect of biomass characteristics and extraction solvents," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    7. Corton, J. & Donnison, I.S. & Ross, A.B. & Lea-Langton, A.R. & Wachendorf, M. & Fraser, M.D., 2021. "Impact of vegetation type and pre-processing on product yields and properties following hydrothermal conversion of conservation biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).

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