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Novel solid base catalyst for biodiesel production: Mesoporous SBA-15 silica immobilized with 1,3-dicyclohexyl-2-octylguanidine

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  • Xie, Wenlei
  • Yang, Xinli
  • Fan, Mingliang

Abstract

Heterogeneous transesterification of vegetable oils offers an environmentally more attractive option for biodiesel production compared to the conventional homogeneous processes. In the work, a novel heterogeneous base catalyst was prepared by anchoring 1,3-dicyclohexyl-2-octylguanidine (DCOD) onto the mesoporous SBA-15 silica. The DCOG-functionalized SBA-15 material (SBA-15-pr-DCOG) was demonstrated to be an efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol. The characterization of the catalyst was carried out using Hammett titration method, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermo gravimetric and differential thermal analysis, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption techniques. It was shown that the DCOD was successfully tethered on the SBA-15 silica and ordered mesoporous structure of SBA-15 was largely remained unchanged after the functionalization reaction. The influences of transesterification variables such as the methanol/oil molar ratio, catalyst loading, reaction time, and catalyst reusability on the oil conversion were investigated. By using the methanol/oil molar ratio of 15:1 and catalyst loading of 8 wt.%, the maximum oil conversion of 92.6% was achieved over the solid catalyst at reflux of methanol for 15 h. The heterogeneous base catalyst could be easily recovered and reused for several runs with a negligible loss of activity.

Suggested Citation

  • Xie, Wenlei & Yang, Xinli & Fan, Mingliang, 2015. "Novel solid base catalyst for biodiesel production: Mesoporous SBA-15 silica immobilized with 1,3-dicyclohexyl-2-octylguanidine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 230-237.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:80:y:2015:i:c:p:230-237
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.02.014
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mutreja, Vishal & Singh, Satnam & Ali, Amjad, 2014. "Potassium impregnated nanocrystalline mixed oxides of La and Mg as heterogeneous catalysts for transesterification," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 226-233.
    2. Noiroj, Krisada & Intarapong, Pisitpong & Luengnaruemitchai, Apanee & Jai-In, Samai, 2009. "A comparative study of KOH/Al2O3 and KOH/NaY catalysts for biodiesel production via transesterification from palm oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 1145-1150.
    3. Karavalakis, Georgios & Anastopoulos, Georgios & Stournas, Stamos, 2011. "Tetramethylguanidine as an efficient catalyst for transesterification of waste frying oils," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(11), pages 3645-3650.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xie, Wenlei & Han, Yuxiang & Wang, Hongyan, 2018. "Magnetic Fe3O4/MCM-41 composite-supported sodium silicate as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 675-681.
    2. Saba, Tony & Estephane, Jane & El Khoury, Bilal & El Khoury, Maroulla & Khazma, Mahmoud & El Zakhem, Henri & Aouad, Samer, 2016. "Biodiesel production from refined sunflower vegetable oil over KOH/ZSM5 catalysts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 301-306.
    3. Racar, Marko & Šoljić Jerbić, Ivana & Glasovac, Zoran & Jukić, Ante, 2023. "Guanidine catalysts for biodiesel production: Activity, process modelling and optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 1046-1053.
    4. Wang, Quan & Wenlei Xie, & Guo, Lihong, 2022. "Molybdenum and zirconium oxides supported on KIT-6 silica: A recyclable composite catalyst for one–pot biodiesel production from simulated low-quality oils," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 907-922.
    5. Racar, Marko & Faraguna, Fabio & Glasovac, Zoran & Jukić, Ante, 2020. "Experimental modeling and optimization of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil and ethanol using N,N′,N″-tris(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-guanidine as catalyst," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 2374-2379.

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