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Mobile hydraulic power supply: Liquid piston Stirling engine pump

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  • Van de Ven, James D.

Abstract

Conventional mobile hydraulic power supplies involve numerous kinematic connections and are limited by the efficiency, noise, and emissions of internal combustion engines. The Stirling cycle possesses numerous benefits such as the ability to operate from any heat source, quiet operation, and high theoretical efficiency. The Stirling engine has seen limited success due to poor heat transfer in the working chambers, difficulty sealing low-molecular weight gases at high pressure, and non-ideal piston displacement profiles. As a solution to these limitations, a liquid piston Stirling engine pump is proposed. The liquid pistons conform to irregular volumes, allowing increased heat transfer through geometry features on the interior of the working chambers. Creating near-isothermal operation eliminates the costly external heat exchangers and increases the engine efficiency through decreasing the engine dead space. The liquid pistons provide a positive gas seal and thermal transport to the working chambers. Controlling the flow of the liquid pistons with valves enables matching the ideal Stirling cycle and creates a direct hydraulic power supply. Using liquid hydrogen as a fuel source allows cooling the compression side of the engine before expanded the fuel into a gas and combusting it to heat the expansion side of the engine. Cooling the compression side not only increases the engine power, but also significantly increases the potential thermal efficiency of the engine. A high efficiency Stirling engine makes energy regeneration through reversing the Stirling cycle practical. When used for regeneration, the captured energy can be stored in thermal batteries, such as a molten salt. The liquid piston Stirling engine pump requires further research in numerous areas such as understanding the behavior of the liquid pistons, modeling and optimization of a full engine pump, and careful selection of materials for the extreme operating temperatures. Addressing these obtainable research quandaries will enable a transformative Stirling engine pump with the potential to excel in numerous applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Van de Ven, James D., 2009. "Mobile hydraulic power supply: Liquid piston Stirling engine pump," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(11), pages 2317-2322.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:34:y:2009:i:11:p:2317-2322
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2009.01.020
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kongtragool, Bancha & Wongwises, Somchai, 2006. "Thermodynamic analysis of a Stirling engine including dead volumes of hot space, cold space and regenerator," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 345-359.
    2. Klüppel, Rogerio P. & Gurgel, JoséMaurício M., 1998. "Thermodynamic cycle of a liquid piston pump," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 261-268.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Motamedi, Mahmoud & Ahmadi, Rouhollah & Jokar, H., 2018. "A solar pressurizable liquid piston stirling engine: Part 1, mathematical modeling, simulation and validation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 796-814.
    3. Ahmadi, Rouhollah & Jokar, H. & Motamedi, Mahmoud, 2018. "A solar pressurizable liquid piston stirling engine: Part 2, optimization and development," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 1200-1215.
    4. Igobo, Opubo N. & Davies, Philip A., 2014. "Review of low-temperature vapour power cycle engines with quasi-isothermal expansion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 22-34.
    5. Ngangué, Max Ndamé & Stouffs, Pascal, 2020. "Dynamic simulation of an original Joule cycle liquid pistons hot air Ericsson engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    6. Langdon-Arms, Samuel & Gschwendtner, Michael & Neumaier, Martin, 2018. "A novel solar-powered liquid piston Stirling refrigerator," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 603-613.
    7. Moazami Goudarzi, Hosein & Yarahmadi, Mehran & Shafii, Mohammad Behshad, 2017. "Design and construction of a two-phase fluid piston engine based on the structure of fluidyne," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 660-670.

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