IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/jotrge/v96y2021ics0966692321002507.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Shared mobility adoption from 2016 to 2018 in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area: Demographic or geographic diffusion?

Author

Listed:
  • Sweet, Matthias N.
  • Scott, Darren M.

Abstract

Shared mobility services, such as on-demand ride-hailing, car sharing, and bike sharing, have significantly expanded the mobility tools available to urban residents. Understanding how these technologies are adopted over time is critical towards developing appropriate transportation policy measures. Most fundamentally: is adoption over time driven by demographic or geographic diffusion or a combination of the two? This study uses 2016 and 2018 survey data to explore the demographic and spatial predictors of changes in the adoption of on-demand ride-hailing, car sharing, and bike sharing in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) in Ontario, Canada.

Suggested Citation

  • Sweet, Matthias N. & Scott, Darren M., 2021. "Shared mobility adoption from 2016 to 2018 in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area: Demographic or geographic diffusion?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:96:y:2021:i:c:s0966692321002507
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103197
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966692321002507
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103197?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wang, Jueyu & Lindsey, Greg, 2019. "Neighborhood socio-demographic characteristics and bike share member patterns of use," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1-1.
    2. Lu, Wei & Scott, Darren M. & Dalumpines, Ron, 2018. "Understanding bike share cyclist route choice using GPS data: Comparing dominant routes and shortest paths," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 172-181.
    3. Wang, Kailai & Akar, Gulsah, 2019. "Gender gap generators for bike share ridership: Evidence from Citi Bike system in New York City," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 1-9.
    4. Xu, Zhengtian & Yin, Yafeng & Ye, Jieping, 2020. "On the supply curve of ride-hailing systems," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 29-43.
    5. Felipe F. Dias & Patrícia S. Lavieri & Venu M. Garikapati & Sebastian Astroza & Ram M. Pendyala & Chandra R. Bhat, 2017. "A behavioral choice model of the use of car-sharing and ride-sourcing services," Transportation, Springer, vol. 44(6), pages 1307-1323, November.
    6. Scott, Darren M. & Kanaroglou, Pavlos S., 2002. "An activity-episode generation model that captures interactions between household heads: development and empirical analysis," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 36(10), pages 875-896, December.
    7. Liu, Rick & Palm, Matthew & Shalaby, Amer & Farber, Steven, 2020. "A social equity lens on bus bridging and ride-hailing responses to unplanned subway disruptions," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    8. Wang, Kailai & Akar, Gulsah & Chen, Yu-Jen, 2018. "Bike sharing differences among Millennials, Gen Xers, and Baby Boomers: Lessons learnt from New York City’s bike share," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 1-14.
    9. Ikezoe, Keigo & Kiriyama, Eriko & Fujimura, Shuzo, 2020. "Car-sharing intention analysis in Japan by comparing the utility of car ownership for car-owners and non-car owners," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 1-14.
    10. Namazu, Michiko & Dowlatabadi, Hadi, 2018. "Vehicle ownership reduction: A comparison of one-way and two-way carsharing systems," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 38-50.
    11. M.J. Mohamed & T. Rye & A. Fonzone, 2020. "The utilisation and user characteristics of Uber services in London," Transportation Planning and Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(4), pages 424-441, May.
    12. Van Acker, Veronique & Mokhtarian, Patricia L. & Witlox, Frank, 2014. "Car availability explained by the structural relationships between lifestyles, residential location, and underlying residential and travel attitudes," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 88-99.
    13. Chen, Zhiwei & Guo, Yujie & Stuart, Amy L. & Zhang, Yu & Li, Xiaopeng, 2019. "Exploring the equity performance of bike-sharing systems with disaggregated data: A story of southern Tampa," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 529-545.
    14. Fishman, Elliot & Washington, Simon & Haworth, Narelle & Watson, Angela, 2015. "Factors influencing bike share membership: An analysis of Melbourne and Brisbane," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 17-30.
    15. Martin, Elliot W & Shaheen, Susan A, 2011. "Greenhouse Gas Emission Impacts of Carsharing in North America," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt6wr90040, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    16. Barajas, Jesus M. & Brown, Anne, 2021. "Not minding the gap: Does ride-hailing serve transit deserts?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    17. Vinayak, Pragun & Dias, Felipe F. & Astroza, Sebastian & Bhat, Chandra R. & Pendyala, Ram M. & Garikapati, Venu M., 2018. "Accounting for multi-dimensional dependencies among decision-makers within a generalized model framework: An application to understanding shared mobility service usage levels," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 129-137.
    18. Younes, Hannah & Zou, Zhenpeng & Wu, Jiahui & Baiocchi, Giovanni, 2020. "Comparing the Temporal Determinants of Dockless Scooter-share and Station-based Bike-share in Washington, D.C," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 308-320.
    19. Zhang, Yongping & Lin, Diao & Liu, Xiaoyue Cathy, 2019. "Biking islands in cities: An analysis combining bike trajectory and percolation theory," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    20. Shaheen, Susan & Cohen, Adam & Jaffee, Mark, 2018. "Innovative Mobility: Carsharing Outlook," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt49j961wb, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    21. Le Vine, Scott & Polak, John, 2019. "The impact of free-floating carsharing on car ownership: Early-stage findings from London," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 119-127.
    22. Shaheen, Susan PhD & Cohen, Adam & Jaffee, Mark, 2018. "Innovative Mobility: Carsharing Outlook," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt1mw8n13h, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    23. Sovacool, Benjamin K. & Axsen, Jonn, 2018. "Functional, symbolic and societal frames for automobility: Implications for sustainability transitions," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 730-746.
    24. Fitt, Helen & Curl, Angela, 2020. "The early days of shared micromobility: A social practices approach," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    25. Raux, Charles & Zoubir, Ayman & Geyik, Mirkan, 2017. "Who are bike sharing schemes members and do they travel differently? The case of Lyon’s “Velo’v” scheme," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 350-363.
    26. Francesco Ciari & Claude Weis & Milos Balac, 2016. "Evaluating the influence of carsharing stations’ location on potential membership: a Swiss case study," EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics, Springer;EURO - The Association of European Operational Research Societies, vol. 5(3), pages 345-369, August.
    27. Susan Shaheen & Nelson Chan & Helen Micheaux, 2015. "One-way carsharing’s evolution and operator perspectives from the Americas," Transportation, Springer, vol. 42(3), pages 519-536, May.
    28. Qian, Xiaodong & Jaller, Miguel & Niemeier, Debbie, 2020. "Enhancing equitable service level: Which can address better, dockless or dock-based Bikeshare systems?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    29. Scott, Darren M. & Lu, Wei & Brown, Matthew J., 2021. "Route choice of bike share users: Leveraging GPS data to derive choice sets," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    30. Giovanna Magnani & Beatrice Re, 0. "Lived experiences about car sharing in young adults: Emerging paradoxes," Italian Journal of Marketing, Springer, vol. 0, pages 1-23.
    31. Montserrat Miramontes & Maximilian Pfertner & Hema Sharanya Rayaprolu & Martin Schreiner & Gebhard Wulfhorst, 2017. "Impacts of a multimodal mobility service on travel behavior and preferences: user insights from Munich’s first Mobility Station," Transportation, Springer, vol. 44(6), pages 1325-1342, November.
    32. Reck, Daniel J. & Hensher, David A. & Ho, Chinh Q., 2020. "MaaS bundle design," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 485-501.
    33. Anne Brown, 2019. "Redefining Car Access," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 85(2), pages 83-95, April.
    34. Shaheen, Susan PhD & Chan, Nelson & Micheaux, Helen, 2015. "One-Way Carsharing's Evolution and Operator Perspectives from the Americas," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt83s1z8j4, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    35. Muller, Eitan, 2020. "Delimiting disruption: Why Uber is disruptive, but Airbnb is not," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 43-55.
    36. Rosseel, Yves, 2012. "lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i02).
    37. Young, Mischa & Allen, Jeff & Farber, Steven, 2020. "Measuring when Uber behaves as a substitute or supplement to transit: An examination of travel-time differences in Toronto," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    38. Zhang, Yongping & Mi, Zhifu, 2018. "Environmental benefits of bike sharing: A big data-based analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 296-301.
    39. Han, Sun Sheng, 2020. "The spatial spread of dockless bike-sharing programs among Chinese cities," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    40. Wang, Sicheng & Smart, Michael, 2020. "The disruptive effect of ridesourcing services on for-hire vehicle drivers’ income and employment," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 13-23.
    41. Jain, Taru & Wang, Xinyi & Rose, Geoffrey & Johnson, Marilyn, 2018. "Does the role of a bicycle share system in a city change over time? A longitudinal analysis of casual users and long-term subscribers," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 45-57.
    42. Zhou, Fan & Zheng, Zuduo & Whitehead, Jake & Washington, Simon & Perrons, Robert K. & Page, Lionel, 2020. "Preference heterogeneity in mode choice for car-sharing and shared automated vehicles," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 633-650.
    43. Rick Grahn & Sean Qian & H. Scott Matthews & Chris Hendrickson, 2021. "Are travelers substituting between transportation network companies (TNC) and public buses? A case study in Pittsburgh," Transportation, Springer, vol. 48(2), pages 977-1005, April.
    44. Hensher, David A. & Ho, Chinh Q. & Reck, Daniel J., 2021. "Mobility as a service and private car use: Evidence from the Sydney MaaS trial," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 17-33.
    45. Wadud, Zia, 2020. "An examination of the effects of ride-hailing services on airport parking demand," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    46. Noland, Robert B. & Smart, Michael J. & Guo, Ziye, 2016. "Bikeshare trip generation in New York City," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 164-181.
    47. Becker, Henrik & Balac, Milos & Ciari, Francesco & Axhausen, Kay W., 2020. "Assessing the welfare impacts of Shared Mobility and Mobility as a Service (MaaS)," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 228-243.
    48. Giovanna Magnani & Beatrice Re, 2020. "Lived experiences about car sharing in young adults: Emerging paradoxes," Italian Journal of Marketing, Springer, vol. 2020(2), pages 207-229, September.
    49. Wells, Peter & Wang, Xiaobei & Wang, Liqiao & Liu, Haokun & Orsato, Renato, 2020. "More friends than foes? The impact of automobility-as-a-service on the incumbent automotive industry," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    50. Becker, Henrik & Ciari, Francesco & Axhausen, Kay W., 2017. "Comparing car-sharing schemes in Switzerland: User groups and usage patterns," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 17-29.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Peace, Joseph & Sweet, Matthias & Scott, Darren M., 2023. "Why do planners do what they do? and what are the implications? Guidance from on-demand ride-hailing policy in Toronto and Vancouver, Canada," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 72-82.
    2. Narayanan, Santhanakrishnan & Antoniou, Constantinos, 2022. "Expansion of a small-scale car-sharing service: A multi-method framework for demand characterization and derivation of policy insights," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Golalikhani, Masoud & Oliveira, Beatriz Brito & Carravilla, Maria Antónia & Oliveira, José Fernando & Antunes, António Pais, 2021. "Carsharing: A review of academic literature and business practices toward an integrated decision-support framework," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    2. Pan, Alexandra Q. & Martin, Elliot W. & Shaheen, Susan A., 2022. "Is access enough? A spatial and demographic analysis of one-way carsharing policies and practice," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 103-115.
    3. Pierpaolo D’Urso & Alessio Guandalini & Francesca Romana Mallamaci & Vincenzina Vitale & Laura Bocci, 2021. "To Share or not to Share? Determinants of Sharing Mobility in Italy," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 154(2), pages 647-692, April.
    4. Weibo Li & Maria Kamargianni, 2020. "Steering short-term demand for car-sharing: a mode choice and policy impact analysis by trip distance," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(5), pages 2233-2265, October.
    5. Narayanan, Santhanakrishnan & Antoniou, Constantinos, 2023. "Shared mobility services towards Mobility as a Service (MaaS): What, who and when?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    6. Willberg, Elias & Salonen, Maria & Toivonen, Tuuli, 2021. "What do trip data reveal about bike-sharing system users?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    7. Shaheen, Susan PhD & Cohen, Adam & Farrar, Emily, 2019. "Carsharing's Impact and Future," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt2f5896tp, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    8. Xiaowei Chen & Hongyu Zheng & Ze Wang & Xiqun Chen, 2021. "Exploring impacts of on-demand ridesplitting on mobility via real-world ridesourcing data and questionnaires," Transportation, Springer, vol. 48(4), pages 1541-1561, August.
    9. Narayanan, Santhanakrishnan & Antoniou, Constantinos, 2022. "Expansion of a small-scale car-sharing service: A multi-method framework for demand characterization and derivation of policy insights," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    10. Böcker, Lars & Anderson, Ellinor, 2020. "Interest-adoption discrepancies, mechanisms of mediation and socio-spatial inclusiveness in bike-sharing: The case of nine urban regions in Norway," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 266-277.
    11. Xing, Yingying & Wang, Ke & Lu, Jian John, 2020. "Exploring travel patterns and trip purposes of dockless bike-sharing by analyzing massive bike-sharing data in Shanghai, China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    12. Donald A. Chapman & Johan Eyckmans & Karel Van Acker, 2020. "Does Car-Sharing Reduce Car-Use? An Impact Evaluation of Car-Sharing in Flanders, Belgium," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-27, October.
    13. Teng Yu & Yajun Zhang & Ai Ping Teoh & Anchao Wang & Chengliang Wang, 2023. "Factors Influencing University Students’ Behavioral Intention to Use Electric Car-Sharing Services in Guangzhou, China," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, November.
    14. Lagadic, Marion & Verloes, Alia & Louvet, Nicolas, 2019. "Can carsharing services be profitable? A critical review of established and developing business models," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 68-78.
    15. Jin, Fanglei & An, Kun & Yao, Enjian, 2020. "Mode choice analysis in urban transport with shared battery electric vehicles: A stated-preference case study in Beijing, China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 95-108.
    16. Mehzabin Tuli, Farzana & Mitra, Suman & Crews, Mariah B., 2021. "Factors influencing the usage of shared E-scooters in Chicago," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 164-185.
    17. Qian Duan & Xin Ye & Jian Li & Ke Wang, 2020. "Empirical Modeling Analysis of Potential Commute Demand for Carsharing in Shanghai, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, January.
    18. Huo, Jinghai & Yang, Hongtai & Li, Chaojing & Zheng, Rong & Yang, Linchuan & Wen, Yi, 2021. "Influence of the built environment on E-scooter sharing ridership: A tale of five cities," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    19. Irfan Ullah & Kai Liu & Tran Vanduy, 2019. "Examining Travelers’ Acceptance towards Car Sharing Systems—Peshawar City, Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-16, February.
    20. Rotaris, Lucia & Danielis, Romeo & Maltese, Ila, 2019. "Carsharing use by college students: The case of Milan and Rome," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 239-251.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:96:y:2021:i:c:s0966692321002507. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-transport-geography .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.