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Hydrogen from aqueous fraction of biomass pyrolysis liquids by catalytic steam reforming in fluidized bed

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  • Medrano, J.A.
  • Oliva, M.
  • Ruiz, J.
  • García, L.
  • Arauzo, J.

Abstract

Sustainable pathways for producing hydrogen as a synthesis intermediate or as a clean energetic vector will be needed in the future. Renewable biomass resources should be taken into account in this new scenario. Processing through a pyrolysis step, optimized to high liquid production (bio-oil), increases the energy bulk density of biomass for transportation. Steam reforming of the aqueous fraction is an alternative process that increases the hydrogen content of the syngas. However, the thermochemical conversion of organic compounds derived from biomass involves drawbacks such as coke formation on the catalysts. This work studies the performance of Ni–Al catalysts modified with Ca or Mg in the steam reforming of the aqueous fraction of pyrolysis liquids and the resulting coke deposits. The catalyst composition influenced the quantity and type of coke deposits. Calcium improved the formation of carbonaceous products leading to lower H2/CO ratios while magnesium improved the WGS (water gas shift) reaction. The strategy of reducing the space velocity resulted in a low coke removal although the addition of small quantities of oxygen decreased the coke content of the catalyst by more than 50% weight. Greater efficiency and further catalyst development are needed to improve the energetic requirements of the process.

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  • Medrano, J.A. & Oliva, M. & Ruiz, J. & García, L. & Arauzo, J., 2011. "Hydrogen from aqueous fraction of biomass pyrolysis liquids by catalytic steam reforming in fluidized bed," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 2215-2224.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:36:y:2011:i:4:p:2215-2224
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2010.03.059
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    5. Paraskevi Panagiotopoulou & Christina Papadopoulou & Haris Matralis & Xenophon Verykios, 2014. "Production of renewable hydrogen by reformation of biofuels," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 3(3), pages 231-253, May.
    6. Wang, Shuofeng & Ji, Changwei & Zhang, Jian & Zhang, Bo, 2011. "Comparison of the performance of a spark-ignited gasoline engine blended with hydrogen and hydrogen–oxygen mixtures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(10), pages 5832-5837.
    7. Hu, Xun & Gholizadeh, Mortaza, 2020. "Progress of the applications of bio-oil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    8. Cai, Wenfei & Dai, Li & Liu, Ronghou, 2018. "Catalytic fast pyrolysis of rice husk for bio-oil production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 477-487.
    9. Li, Lin & Tang, Dawei & Song, Yongchen & Jiang, Bo & Zhang, Qian, 2018. "Hydrogen production from ethanol steam reforming on Ni-Ce/MMT catalysts," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 937-943.
    10. Ochoa, Aitor & Bilbao, Javier & Gayubo, Ana G. & Castaño, Pedro, 2020. "Coke formation and deactivation during catalytic reforming of biomass and waste pyrolysis products: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    11. Xie, Huaqing & Li, Rongquan & Yu, Zhenyu & Wang, Zhengyu & Yu, Qingbo & Qin, Qin, 2020. "Combined steam/dry reforming of bio-oil for H2/CO syngas production with blast furnace slag as heat carrier," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    12. Remón, J. & Arcelus-Arrillaga, P. & García, L. & Arauzo, J., 2018. "Simultaneous production of gaseous and liquid biofuels from the synergetic co-valorisation of bio-oil and crude glycerol in supercritical water," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 2275-2287.
    13. Resende, K.A. & Ávila-Neto, C.N. & Rabelo-Neto, R.C. & Noronha, F.B. & Hori, C.E., 2015. "Thermodynamic analysis and reaction routes of steam reforming of bio-oil aqueous fraction," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 166-176.
    14. Yang, Ren-Xuan & Wu, Shan-Luo & Chuang, Kui-Hao & Wey, Ming-Yen, 2020. "Co-production of carbon nanotubes and hydrogen from waste plastic gasification in a two-stage fluidized catalytic bed," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 10-22.
    15. Butler, Eoin & Devlin, Ger & Meier, Dietrich & McDonnell, Kevin, 2011. "A review of recent laboratory research and commercial developments in fast pyrolysis and upgrading," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 4171-4186.

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