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Potential of waste palm cooking oil for catalyst-free biodiesel production

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  • Tan, K.T.
  • Lee, K.T.
  • Mohamed, A.R.

Abstract

Disposal of waste palm cooking oil (WPCO) via an environmental-friendly route is of major importance in the quest for sustainable development. In this study, WPCO was utilized instead of refined vegetable oils as the source of triglycerides for biodiesel production. WPCO contains several impurities, such as water and free fatty acids, which limit its application in catalytic transesterification processes. Consequently, a catalyst-free process using supercritical methanol was employed to investigate the potential of WPCO as an economical feedstock for biodiesel production. The parameters that influence the reaction, including reaction time, temperature and the molar ratio of alcohol to oil, were investigated. For comparison purposes, refined palm oil (RPO) was also subjected to supercritical methanol reaction and it was found that both processes produced comparable optimum yields of 80% at their respective optimum conditions. Hence, it can be concluded that WPCO has high potential as an economical and practical future source of biodiesel.

Suggested Citation

  • Tan, K.T. & Lee, K.T. & Mohamed, A.R., 2011. "Potential of waste palm cooking oil for catalyst-free biodiesel production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 2085-2088.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:36:y:2011:i:4:p:2085-2088
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2010.05.003
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    7. Bhuiya, M.M.K. & Rasul, M.G. & Khan, M.M.K. & Ashwath, N. & Azad, A.K., 2016. "Prospects of 2nd generation biodiesel as a sustainable fuel—Part: 1 selection of feedstocks, oil extraction techniques and conversion technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 1109-1128.
    8. Čuček, Lidija & Varbanov, Petar Sabev & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Kravanja, Zdravko, 2012. "Total footprints-based multi-criteria optimisation of regional biomass energy supply chains," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 135-145.
    9. Cao, Leichang & Wang, Jieni & Liu, Kuojin & Han, Sheng, 2014. "Ethyl acetoacetate: A potential bio-based diluent for improving the cold flow properties of biodiesel from waste cooking oil," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 18-21.
    10. Ho, Sze-Hwee & Wong, Yiik-Diew & Chang, Victor Wei-Chung, 2014. "Evaluating the potential of biodiesel (via recycled cooking oil) use in Singapore, an urban city," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 117-124.
    11. Hoseini, S.S. & Najafi, G. & Ghobadian, B. & Rahimi, A. & Yusaf, Talal & Mamat, Rizalman & Sidik, N.A.C. & Azmi, W.H., 2017. "Effects of biodiesel fuel obtained from Salvia macrosiphon oil (ultrasonic-assisted) on performance and emissions of diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 289-296.
    12. Babazadeh, Reza, 2017. "Optimal design and planning of biodiesel supply chain considering non-edible feedstock," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1089-1100.
    13. Go, Alchris Woo & Tran Nguyen, Phuong Lan & Huynh, Lien Huong & Liu, Ying-Tsung & Sutanto, Sylviana & Ju, Yi-Hsu, 2014. "Catalyst free esterification of fatty acids with methanol under subcritical condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 393-400.
    14. Chen, Kang-Shin & Lin, Yuan-Chung & Hsu, Kuo-Hsiang & Wang, Hsin-Kai, 2012. "Improving biodiesel yields from waste cooking oil by using sodium methoxide and a microwave heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 151-156.
    15. Abedin, M.J. & Kalam, M.A. & Masjuki, H.H. & Sabri, M.F.M. & Rahman, S.M. Ashrafur & Sanjid, A. & Fattah, I.M. Rizwanul, 2016. "Production of biodiesel from a non-edible source and study of its combustion, and emission characteristics: A comparative study with B5," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 20-29.
    16. Jincheng Ding & Zheng Xia & Jie Lu, 2012. "Esterification and Deacidification of a Waste Cooking Oil (TAN 68.81 mg KOH/g) for Biodiesel Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(8), pages 1-9, July.
    17. Ezebor, Francis & Khairuddean, Melati & Abdullah, Ahmad Zuhairi & Boey, Peng Lim, 2014. "Oil palm trunk and sugarcane bagasse derived heterogeneous acid catalysts for production of fatty acid methyl esters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 493-503.
    18. Babazadeh, Reza & Razmi, Jafar & Pishvaee, Mir Saman & Rabbani, Masoud, 2017. "A sustainable second-generation biodiesel supply chain network design problem under risk," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 66(PB), pages 258-277.
    19. Talebian-Kiakalaieh, Amin & Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina & Mazaheri, Hossein, 2013. "A review on novel processes of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 683-710.
    20. Ranjit, P.S. & Chintala, Venkateswarlu, 2022. "Direct utilization of preheated deep fried oil in an indirect injection compression ignition engine with waste heat recovery framework," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    21. Ng, Wendy Pei Qin & Lam, Hon Loong & Yusup, Suzana, 2013. "Supply network synthesis on rubber seed oil utilisation as potential biofuel feedstock," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 82-88.

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