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Catalyst free esterification of fatty acids with methanol under subcritical condition

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  • Go, Alchris Woo
  • Tran Nguyen, Phuong Lan
  • Huynh, Lien Huong
  • Liu, Ying-Tsung
  • Sutanto, Sylviana
  • Ju, Yi-Hsu

Abstract

This study provides an alternative way to produce biodiesel from low quality feedstock oil. Feedstock oil with high water and free fatty acid contents can be hydrolyzed into fatty acids using conventional methods or subcritical water processes. Fatty acids produced can be reacted with methanol to produce fatty acid methyl esters under conditions developed in this work, which is much milder than the supercritical methanol condition and without the use of catalyst. Using palmitic acid and oleic acid as the model free fatty acid, at 175–205 °C, 2.0–2.8 MPa and with a fatty acid:methanol:water ratio of 1:2:0.05 (w/w/w), a conversion of 96.5% can be achieved in 3–4 h. The method can be applied to feedstock with water content up to 15%.

Suggested Citation

  • Go, Alchris Woo & Tran Nguyen, Phuong Lan & Huynh, Lien Huong & Liu, Ying-Tsung & Sutanto, Sylviana & Ju, Yi-Hsu, 2014. "Catalyst free esterification of fatty acids with methanol under subcritical condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 393-400.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:70:y:2014:i:c:p:393-400
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2014.04.013
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Xiong, Yi-Wei & Go, Alchris Woo & Alivio, Roxanne Kathlyn O. & Santoso, Shella Permatasari & Angkawijaya, Artik Elisa & Soetaredjo, Felycia Edi & Agapay, Ramelito C., 2022. "Non-isothermal (trans)esterification of linoleic acid and soybean oil deodorizer distillate with methanol under subcritical conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 528-544.
    2. Veronica Winoto & Nuttawan Yoswathana, 2019. "Optimization of Biodiesel Production Using Nanomagnetic CaO-Based Catalysts with Subcritical Methanol Transesterification of Rubber Seed Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-13, January.
    3. Go, Alchris Woo & Sutanto, Sylviana & Ong, Lu Ki & Tran-Nguyen, Phuong Lan & Ismadji, Suryadi & Ju, Yi-Hsu, 2016. "Developments in in-situ (trans) esterification for biodiesel production: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 284-305.
    4. D'Amato Villardi, Hugo Gomes & Leal, Monique Ferreira & Pellegrini Pessoa, Fernando Luiz & Salgado, Andréa Medeiros, 2019. "Synthesis of methyl esters through residual feedstock using acid and free catalyst – Proposal of new reactor," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 1146-1155.
    5. Bureros, Glorie Mae A. & Tanjay, April A. & Cuizon, Dan Elmer S. & Go, Alchris W. & Cabatingan, Luis K. & Agapay, Ramelito C. & Ju, Yi-Hsu, 2019. "Cacao shell-derived solid acid catalyst for esterification of oleic acid with methanol," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 489-501.
    6. Felix, Charles & Ubando, Aristotle & Madrazo, Cynthia & Gue, Ivan Henderson & Sutanto, Sylviana & Tran-Nguyen, Phuong Lan & Go, Alchris Woo & Ju, Yi-Hsu & Culaba, Alvin & Chang, Jo-Shu & Chen, Wei-Hsi, 2019. "Non-catalytic in-situ (trans) esterification of lipids in wet microalgae Chlorella vulgaris under subcritical conditions for the synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C), pages 526-537.

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