IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v148y2018icp448-460.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Grid-independent residential buildings with renewable energy sources

Author

Listed:
  • Leonard, Matthew D.
  • Michaelides, Efstathios E.

Abstract

The proliferation of grid-dependent, zero-energy buildings in a region will alter the diurnal electric power demand to a U-shaped demand curve that limits the role of base-load power plants and the flexibility of the electric grid to meet the power demand. Zero-energy buildings that are also grid-independent (GIB-ZEBs) ensure that carbon emissions are curtailed and that the electricity grid will retain its flexibility to make appropriate use of large, base-load power production units. Such buildings incorporate a reliable system for energy storage that supplies the needed energy when the renewable energy source does not. This paper offers a detailed analysis of the power needs, the seasonal energy usage, and the seasonal energy storage requirements of two GIB-ZEBs. The first is located in the South-West part of the USA, where the air-conditioning demand is very high and the second in the North, where the heating demand is very high and the irradiance/insolation is less. Hydrogen storage and battery storage systems were considered for the energy storage requirements of the buildings. Calculations for the two buildings include: the hourly electric power and total energy demand of the building throughout the year; the hourly energy production by a system of photovoltaics; the hourly energy storage needed throughout the year; the photovoltaics area requirements; the overall capacity and seasonal use of the energy storage system needed; and the effects of the various components and systems performance on the power production and storage parameters.

Suggested Citation

  • Leonard, Matthew D. & Michaelides, Efstathios E., 2018. "Grid-independent residential buildings with renewable energy sources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 448-460.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:148:y:2018:i:c:p:448-460
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.01.168
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544218301968
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2018.01.168?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fabrizio, Enrico & Seguro, Federico & Filippi, Marco, 2014. "Integrated HVAC and DHW production systems for Zero Energy Buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 515-541.
    2. Fiorentini, Massimo & Wall, Josh & Ma, Zhenjun & Braslavsky, Julio H. & Cooper, Paul, 2017. "Hybrid model predictive control of a residential HVAC system with on-site thermal energy generation and storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 465-479.
    3. Li, Danny H.W. & Yang, Liu & Lam, Joseph C., 2013. "Zero energy buildings and sustainable development implications – A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1-10.
    4. Stadler, M. & Groissböck, M. & Cardoso, G. & Marnay, C., 2014. "Optimizing Distributed Energy Resources and building retrofits with the strategic DER-CAModel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 557-567.
    5. Shen, Pengyuan & Lior, Noam, 2016. "Vulnerability to climate change impacts of present renewable energy systems designed for achieving net-zero energy buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 1288-1305.
    6. Spertino, Filippo & Corona, Fabio, 2013. "Monitoring and checking of performance in photovoltaic plants: A tool for design, installation and maintenance of grid-connected systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 722-732.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. DeValeria, Michelle K. & Michaelides, Efstathios E. & Michaelides, Dimitrios N., 2020. "Energy and thermal storage in clusters of grid-independent buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    2. Efstathios E. Michaelides, 2022. "Transition to Renewable Energy for Communities: Energy Storage Requirements and Dissipation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-11, August.
    3. Moiz Masood Syed & Gregory M. Morrison & James Darbyshire, 2020. "Energy Allocation Strategies for Common Property Load Connected to Shared Solar and Battery Storage Systems in Strata Apartments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-28, November.
    4. Keiner, Dominik & Thoma, Christian & Bogdanov, Dmitrii & Breyer, Christian, 2023. "Seasonal hydrogen storage for residential on- and off-grid solar photovoltaics prosumer applications: Revolutionary solution or niche market for the energy transition until 2050?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 340(C).
    5. Efstathios E. Michaelides, 2021. "Thermal Storage for District Cooling—Implications for Renewable Energy Transition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-13, November.
    6. Wilberforce, Tabbi & El Hassan, Zaki & Durrant, A. & Thompson, J. & Soudan, Bassel & Olabi, A.G., 2019. "Overview of ocean power technology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 165-181.
    7. Masato Oota & Yumiko Iwafune & Ryozo Ooka, 2021. "Estimation of Self-Sufficiency Rate in Detached Houses Using Home Energy Management System Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-21, February.
    8. Ghosh, Sampad & Harish, Sivasankaran & Ohtaki, Michitaka & Saha, Bidyut Baran, 2020. "Enhanced figure of merit of cement composites with graphene and ZnO nanoinclusions for efficient energy harvesting in buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    9. Wang, Yadong & Mao, Jinqi & Chen, Fan & Wang, Delu, 2022. "Uncovering the dynamics and uncertainties of substituting coal power with renewable energy resources," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 669-686.
    10. Efstathios E. Michaelides, 2021. "Thermodynamics, Energy Dissipation, and Figures of Merit of Energy Storage Systems—A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-41, September.
    11. Shayan, Mostafa Esmaeili & Najafi, Gholamhassan & Ghobadian, Barat & Gorjian, Shiva & Mamat, Rizalman & Ghazali, Mohd Fairusham, 2022. "Multi-microgrid optimization and energy management under boost voltage converter with Markov prediction chain and dynamic decision algorithm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P2), pages 179-189.
    12. Al-Saadi, Saleh Nasser & Shaaban, Awni K., 2019. "Zero energy building (ZEB) in a cooling dominated climate of Oman: Design and energy performance analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 299-316.
    13. Gou, Xing & Chen, Qun & Sun, Yong & Ma, Huan & Li, Bao-Ju, 2021. "Holistic analysis and optimization of distributed energy system considering different transport characteristics of multi-energy and component efficiency variation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yang, Xinyan & Zhang, Shicong & Xu, Wei, 2019. "Impact of zero energy buildings on medium-to-long term building energy consumption in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 574-586.
    2. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    3. Sayegh, M.A. & Danielewicz, J. & Nannou, T. & Miniewicz, M. & Jadwiszczak, P. & Piekarska, K. & Jouhara, H., 2017. "Trends of European research and development in district heating technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P2), pages 1183-1192.
    4. Guo, Yurun & Wang, Shugang & Wang, Jihong & Zhang, Tengfei & Ma, Zhenjun & Jiang, Shuang, 2024. "Key district heating technologies for building energy flexibility: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    5. Kittisak Lohwanitchai & Daranee Jareemit, 2021. "Modeling Energy Efficiency Performance and Cost-Benefit Analysis Achieving Net-Zero Energy Building Design: Case Studies of Three Representative Offices in Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-24, May.
    6. Yang, Shiyu & Wan, Man Pun & Ng, Bing Feng & Dubey, Swapnil & Henze, Gregor P. & Chen, Wanyu & Baskaran, Krishnamoorthy, 2020. "Experimental study of model predictive control for an air-conditioning system with dedicated outdoor air system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    7. Lork, Clement & Li, Wen-Tai & Qin, Yan & Zhou, Yuren & Yuen, Chau & Tushar, Wayes & Saha, Tapan K., 2020. "An uncertainty-aware deep reinforcement learning framework for residential air conditioning energy management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    8. Wirtz, Marco, 2023. "nPro: A web-based planning tool for designing district energy systems and thermal networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    9. Theresa Liegl & Simon Schramm & Philipp Kuhn & Thomas Hamacher, 2023. "Considering Socio-Technical Parameters in Energy System Models—The Current Status and Next Steps," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-19, October.
    10. Cui, Can & Zhang, Xin & Cai, Wenjian, 2020. "An energy-saving oriented air balancing method for demand controlled ventilation systems with branch and black-box model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    11. Deng, S. & Wang, R.Z. & Dai, Y.J., 2014. "How to evaluate performance of net zero energy building – A literature research," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 1-16.
    12. Michael-Allan Millar & Bruce Elrick & Greg Jones & Zhibin Yu & Neil M. Burnside, 2020. "Roadblocks to Low Temperature District Heating," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-21, November.
    13. Pikas, Ergo & Thalfeldt, Martin & Kurnitski, Jarek & Liias, Roode, 2015. "Extra cost analyses of two apartment buildings for achieving nearly zero and low energy buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 623-633.
    14. Gao, Jiajia & Li, Anbang & Xu, Xinhua & Gang, Wenjie & Yan, Tian, 2018. "Ground heat exchangers: Applications, technology integration and potentials for zero energy buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(PA), pages 337-349.
    15. Fan, Cheng & Huang, Gongsheng & Sun, Yongjun, 2018. "A collaborative control optimization of grid-connected net zero energy buildings for performance improvements at building group level," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 536-549.
    16. Noro, M. & Lazzarin, R.M., 2014. "Solar cooling between thermal and photovoltaic: An energy and economic comparative study in the Mediterranean conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 453-464.
    17. Gianluca Serale & Massimo Fiorentini & Alfonso Capozzoli & Daniele Bernardini & Alberto Bemporad, 2018. "Model Predictive Control (MPC) for Enhancing Building and HVAC System Energy Efficiency: Problem Formulation, Applications and Opportunities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-35, March.
    18. Wassim Salameh & Jalal Faraj & Elias Harika & Rabih Murr & Mahmoud Khaled, 2021. "On the Optimization of Electrical Water Heaters: Modelling Simulations and Experimentation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-12, June.
    19. Li, Danny H.W. & Lou, Siwei, 2018. "Review of solar irradiance and daylight illuminance modeling and sky classification," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 445-453.
    20. Jia, Shuning & Sheng, Kai & Huang, Dehai & Hu, Kai & Xu, Yizhe & Yan, Chengchu, 2023. "Design optimization of energy systems for zero energy buildings based on grid-friendly interaction with smart grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:148:y:2018:i:c:p:448-460. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.