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Optimization of configurations and cathode operating parameters on liquid-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks by orthogonal method

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  • Lin, Chen
  • Yan, Xiaohui
  • Wei, Guanghua
  • Ke, Changchun
  • Shen, Shuiyun
  • Zhang, Junliang

Abstract

Water and thermal managements are critical for the performance and operation stability of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacks, which are highly associated with the stack configurations and cathode operating parameters that need to be well optimized. In this work, a numerical study is conducted with orthogonal analysis method to investigate the effect of stack configurations and cathode operating parameters on stack performance including power density, system efficiency and stack uniformity. An orthogonal array (OA) with three levels and six factors is designed to determine the interaction of each parameter as well as the optimal combination of configurations and operating parameters. The results indicate that the optimal combination with respect to power density and system efficiency is not consistent due to the associated parasitic loads. Moreover, counter-flow configuration of hydrogen channel is able to improve the water management and counter-flow configuration of coolant channel is beneficial for thermal management, both of which can further improve the stack uniformity that is desired in real application.

Suggested Citation

  • Lin, Chen & Yan, Xiaohui & Wei, Guanghua & Ke, Changchun & Shen, Shuiyun & Zhang, Junliang, 2019. "Optimization of configurations and cathode operating parameters on liquid-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks by orthogonal method," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:253:y:2019:i:c:46
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113496
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    3. Luo, Lizhong & Huang, Bi & Bai, Xingying & Cheng, Zongyi & Jian, Qifei, 2020. "Temperature uniformity improvement of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack with ultra-thin vapor chambers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
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    5. Chen, Ke & Luo, Zongkai & Zou, Guofu & He, Dandi & Xiong, Zhongzhuang & Zhou, Yu & Chen, Ben, 2024. "Multi-objective optimization of gradient gas diffusion layer structures for enhancing proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance based on response surface methodology and non-dominated sorting gen," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    6. Yan, Xiaohui & Lin, Chen & Zheng, Zhifeng & Chen, Junren & Wei, Guanghua & Zhang, Junliang, 2020. "Effect of clamping pressure on liquid-cooled PEMFC stack performance considering inhomogeneous gas diffusion layer compression," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    7. Teresa Donateo, 2024. "Simulation Approaches and Validation Issues for Open-Cathode Fuel Cell Systems in Manned and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-38, February.
    8. Zhao, Jing & Cheng, Xinxuan & Zhou, Caiting & Gan, Lang & Chen, Kang & Chen, Chao & Jian, Qifei, 2024. "Effect of vapor chamber on thermo-electrical characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 360(C).
    9. Jiangnan Song & Ying Huang & Yi Liu & Zongpeng Ma & Lunjun Chen & Taike Li & Xiang Zhang, 2022. "Numerical Investigation and Optimization of Cooling Flow Field Design for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-17, April.
    10. Teresa Donateo, 2023. "Semi-Empirical Models for Stack and Balance of Plant in Closed-Cathode Fuel Cell Systems for Aviation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-40, November.
    11. Kwang-Hu Jung & Jung-Hyung Lee, 2024. "Determination of an Optimal Parameter Combination for Single PEMFC Using the Taguchi Method and Orthogonal Array," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-11, April.
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