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A high-fidelity wave-to-wire simulation platform for wave energy converters: Coupled numerical wave tank and power take-off models

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  • Penalba, Markel
  • Davidson, Josh
  • Windt, Christian
  • Ringwood, John V.

Abstract

Performing rigorous technical and commercial assessment of wave energy converters (WECs) numerically, before engaging in expensive wave tank and open ocean tests, is vital for the economically successful development of prototypes. To that end, this paper presents a high-fidelity wave-to-wire simulation platform (the HiFiWEC), where a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based numerical wave tank is coupled to a high-fidelity power take-off (PTO) model, which enables assessment of WEC performance with greater accuracy than with previous wave-to-wire approaches. A test case, simulating the performance of a heaving point absorber type WEC in realistic conditions, is presented and compared against traditional lower fidelity modelling methods. The WEC response is evaluated with a number of different approaches, including different techniques to model hydrodynamic wave-structure interactions and the power take-off system, and the benefits of the HiFiWEC are highlighted. The results highlight that excessive simplifications in the modelling of the PTO system can lead to significant overestimation in generated energy output, with relative deviations (∊) of up to 150% compared to the HiFiWEC. In addition, uncertainty in viscous drag parameters added to hydrodynamic models based on boundary element method solvers, reinforce the necessity of CFD-based models for applications where high-fidelity is essential. Finally, it is demonstrated that minor/insignificant inaccuracies in the hydrodynamic model (∊=0.5%) can result in significant differences in the estimation of the final energy generation (∊=7%), highlighting the need for a coupled high-fidelity platform.

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  • Penalba, Markel & Davidson, Josh & Windt, Christian & Ringwood, John V., 2018. "A high-fidelity wave-to-wire simulation platform for wave energy converters: Coupled numerical wave tank and power take-off models," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 655-669.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:226:y:2018:i:c:p:655-669
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.008
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    4. Luan, Zhengxiao & Chen, Bangqi & Jin, Ruijia & He, Guanghua & Ghassemi, Hassan & Jing, Penglin, 2024. "Validation of a numerical wave tank based on overset mesh for the wavestar-like wave energy converter in the South China Sea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    5. Philip Balitsky & Nicolas Quartier & Gael Verao Fernandez & Vasiliki Stratigaki & Peter Troch, 2018. "Analyzing the Near-Field Effects and the Power Production of an Array of Heaving Cylindrical WECs and OSWECs Using a Coupled Hydrodynamic-PTO Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-32, December.
    6. Zhang, Jincheng & Zhao, Xiaowei & Greaves, Deborah & Jin, Siya, 2023. "Modeling of a hinged-raft wave energy converter via deep operator learning and wave tank experiments," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).
    7. Windt, Christian & Davidson, Josh & Ransley, Edward J. & Greaves, Deborah & Jakobsen, Morten & Kramer, Morten & Ringwood, John V., 2020. "Validation of a CFD-based numerical wave tank model for the power production assessment of the wavestar ocean wave energy converter," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 2499-2516.
    8. Alain Ulazia & Markel Penalba & Arkaitz Rabanal & Gabriel Ibarra-Berastegi & John Ringwood & Jon Sáenz, 2018. "Historical Evolution of the Wave Resource and Energy Production off the Chilean Coast over the 20th Century," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-23, August.
    9. Zhong, Qian & Yeung, Ronald W., 2019. "Wave-body interactions among energy absorbers in a wave farm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 1051-1064.
    10. Ulazia, Alain & Penalba, Markel & Ibarra-Berastegui, Gabriel & Ringwood, John & Sáenz, Jon, 2019. "Reduction of the capture width of wave energy converters due to long-term seasonal wave energy trends," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1-1.
    11. Mohd Afifi Jusoh & Mohd Zamri Ibrahim & Muhamad Zalani Daud & Zulkifli Mohd Yusop & Aliashim Albani, 2020. "An Estimation of Hydraulic Power Take-off Unit Parameters for Wave Energy Converter Device Using Non-Evolutionary NLPQL and Evolutionary GA Approaches," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-26, December.
    12. Benites-Munoz, Daniela & Huang, Luofeng & Thomas, Giles, 2024. "Optimal array arrangement of oscillating wave surge converters: An analysis based on three devices," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    13. Raju Ahamed & Kristoffer McKee & Ian Howard, 2022. "A Review of the Linear Generator Type of Wave Energy Converters’ Power Take-Off Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-42, August.
    14. Li, Xiaofan & Chen, ChienAn & Li, Qiaofeng & Xu, Lin & Liang, Changwei & Ngo, Khai & Parker, Robert G. & Zuo, Lei, 2020. "A compact mechanical power take-off for wave energy converters: Design, analysis, and test verification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    15. Giorgi, Giuseppe & Gomes, Rui P.F. & Henriques, João C.C. & Gato, Luís M.C. & Bracco, Giovanni & Mattiazzo, Giuliana, 2020. "Detecting parametric resonance in a floating oscillating water column device for wave energy conversion: Numerical simulations and validation with physical model tests," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    16. Liu, Zhen & Xu, Chuanli & Kim, Kilwon & Choi, Jongsu & Hyun, Beom-soo, 2021. "An integrated numerical model for the chamber-turbine system of an oscillating water column wave energy converter," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    17. Shao, Zhuxiao & Gao, Huijun & Liang, Bingchen & Lee, Dongyoung, 2022. "Potential, trend and economic assessments of global wave power," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 1087-1102.
    18. Guo, Bingyong & Ringwood, John V., 2021. "Geometric optimisation of wave energy conversion devices: A survey," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 297(C).
    19. Chen, Zihe & Zhang, Xiantao & Liu, Lei & Tian, Xinliang & Li, Xin, 2024. "Mechanical property identification and performance evaluation of a power take-off combined with a mechanical motion rectifier and a magnetic bistable device," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 353(PA).
    20. Tagliafierro, Bonaventura & Martínez-Estévez, Iván & Domínguez, José M. & Crespo, Alejandro J.C. & Göteman, Malin & Engström, Jens & Gómez-Gesteira, Moncho, 2022. "A numerical study of a taut-moored point-absorber wave energy converter with a linear power take-off system under extreme wave conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).

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