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A model predictive control strategy of PV-Battery microgrid under variable power generations and load conditions

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  • Hu, Jiefeng
  • Xu, Yinliang
  • Cheng, Ka Wai
  • Guerrero, Josep M.

Abstract

Renewable energy sources have been increasingly deployed as distributed generators in remote areas. Meanwhile, fluctuating power generation from renewable energy sources, together with variable power demand, poses challenges in stable and reliable power supply. In this paper, a microgrid with solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage (BES) is studied. A state of charge (SOC)-oriented charging scheme is developed to control the BES to smooth the PV output. Most importantly, a sophisticated control algorithm, consisting of a model predictive voltage control (MPVC) and a model predictive power control (MPPC), is proposed for the interlinking converter. It enables stable voltage in islanded mode. Also, in grid-connected mode, flexible reactive power can be injected into the main grid for grid support according to the voltage variation level. Finally, by considering the intermittent nature of the PV and the load profile, an energy management system (EMS) is designed to ensure power balance within the system. Case studies are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Hu, Jiefeng & Xu, Yinliang & Cheng, Ka Wai & Guerrero, Josep M., 2018. "A model predictive control strategy of PV-Battery microgrid under variable power generations and load conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 195-203.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:221:y:2018:i:c:p:195-203
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.085
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    10. Mi, Yang & Chen, Xin & Ji, Hongpeng & Ji, Liang & Fu, Yang & Wang, Chengshan & Wang, Jianhui, 2019. "The coordinated control strategy for isolated DC microgrid based on adaptive storage adjustment without communication," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
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    13. Hu, Jiefeng & Shan, Yinghao & Guerrero, Josep M. & Ioinovici, Adrian & Chan, Ka Wing & Rodriguez, Jose, 2021. "Model predictive control of microgrids – An overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    14. Dong, Zhe & Huang, Xiaojin & Dong, Yujie & Zhang, Zuoyi, 2020. "Multilayer perception based reinforcement learning supervisory control of energy systems with application to a nuclear steam supply system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    15. Francesco Simmini & Marco Agostini & Massimiliano Coppo & Tommaso Caldognetto & Andrea Cervi & Fabio Lain & Ruggero Carli & Roberto Turri & Paolo Tenti, 2020. "Leveraging Demand Flexibility by Exploiting Prosumer Response to Price Signals in Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-19, June.
    16. Aly, Shahzada Pamir & Ahzi, Said & Barth, Nicolas, 2019. "An adaptive modelling technique for parameters extraction of photovoltaic devices under varying sunlight and temperature conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 728-742.
    17. Wang, Jing & Zhao, Changhong & Pratt, Annabelle & Baggu, Murali, 2018. "Design of an advanced energy management system for microgrid control using a state machine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 2407-2421.
    18. Yamashita, Daniela Yassuda & Vechiu, Ionel & Gaubert, Jean-Paul, 2020. "A review of hierarchical control for building microgrids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    19. Zhu, Zheng & Liu, Xiangjie & Kong, Xiaobing & Ma, Lele & Lee, Kwang Y. & Xu, Yuping, 2024. "PV/Hydrogen DC microgrid control using distributed economic model predictive control," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    20. Anjaiah, Kanche & Dash, P.K. & Bisoi, Ranjeeta & Dhar, Snehamoy & Mishra, S.P., 2024. "A new approach for active and reactive power management in renewable based hybrid microgrid considering storage devices," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 367(C).
    21. Shen, Xiaojun & Wei, Hongyang & Wei, Li, 2020. "Study of trackside photovoltaic power integration into the traction power system of suburban elevated urban rail transit line," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    22. Sánchez de la Nieta, Agustín A. & Paterakis, Nikolaos G. & Gibescu, Madeleine, 2020. "Participation of photovoltaic power producers in short-term electricity markets based on rescheduling and risk-hedging mapping," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    23. Chapaloglou, Spyridon & Nesiadis, Athanasios & Iliadis, Petros & Atsonios, Konstantinos & Nikolopoulos, Nikos & Grammelis, Panagiotis & Yiakopoulos, Christos & Antoniadis, Ioannis & Kakaras, Emmanuel, 2019. "Smart energy management algorithm for load smoothing and peak shaving based on load forecasting of an island’s power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 627-642.
    24. Vo-Van Thanh & Wencong Su & Bin Wang, 2022. "Optimal DC Microgrid Operation with Model Predictive Control-Based Voltage-Dependent Demand Response and Optimal Battery Dispatch," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-19, March.

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