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Biodiesel production from algae cultivated in winter with artificial wastewater through pH regulation by acetic acid

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  • Zhu, Liandong
  • Hiltunen, Erkki
  • Shu, Qing
  • Zhou, Weizheng
  • Li, Zhaohua
  • Wang, Zhongming

Abstract

Algae have been considered as a promising biodiesel feedstock. One of the major factors affecting large-scale algae technology application is poor wintering cultivation performance. In this study, an integrated approach is investigated combining freshwater microalgae Chlorella zofingiensis wintering cultivation in pilot-scale photobioreactors with artificial wastewater treatment. Mixotrophic culture with the addition of acetic acid (pH-regulation group) and autotrophic culture (control group) were designed, and the characteristics of algal growth, lipid and biodiesel production, and nitrogen and phosphate removal were examined. The results showed that, by using acetic acid three times per day to regulate pH at between 6.8 and 7.2, the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphate (TP) removal could be increased from 45.2% to 73.5% and from 92.2% to 100%, respectively. Higher biomass productivity of 66.94mgL−1day−1 with specific growth rate of 0.260day−1 was achieved in the pH-regulation group. The lipid content was much higher when using acetic acid to regulate pH, and the relative lipid productivity reached 37.48mgL−1day−1. The biodiesel yield in the pH-regulated group was 19.44% of dry weight, with 16–18 carbons as the most abundant composition for fatty acid methyl esters. The findings of the study prove that pH adjustment using acetic acid is efficient in cultivating C. zofingiensis in wastewater in winter for biodiesel production and nutrient reduction.

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  • Zhu, Liandong & Hiltunen, Erkki & Shu, Qing & Zhou, Weizheng & Li, Zhaohua & Wang, Zhongming, 2014. "Biodiesel production from algae cultivated in winter with artificial wastewater through pH regulation by acetic acid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 103-110.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:128:y:2014:i:c:p:103-110
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.04.039
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    1. Zhang, Lijie & Cheng, Juan & Pei, Haiyan & Pan, Jianqiang & Jiang, Liqun & Hou, Qingjie & Han, Fei, 2018. "Cultivation of microalgae using anaerobically digested effluent from kitchen waste as a nutrient source for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 276-287.
    2. Zhang, Yi & Kong, Xiaoying & Wang, Zhongming & Sun, Yongming & Zhu, Shunni & Li, Lianhua & Lv, Pengmei, 2018. "Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis for effective lipid extraction from microalgae Scenedesmus sp," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 1049-1057.
    3. Sanghyun Park & Yongtae Ahn & Young-Tae Park & Min-Kyu Ji & Jaeyoung Choi, 2019. "The Effect of Mixed Wastewaters on the Biomass Production and Biochemical Content of Microalgae," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-13, September.
    4. Zhu, Liandong & Nugroho, Y.K. & Shakeel, S.R. & Li, Zhaohua & Martinkauppi, B. & Hiltunen, E., 2017. "Using microalgae to produce liquid transportation biodiesel: What is next?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 391-400.
    5. Cheah, Wai Yan & Ling, Tau Chuan & Show, Pau Loke & Juan, Joon Ching & Chang, Jo-Shu & Lee, Duu-Jong, 2016. "Cultivation in wastewaters for energy: A microalgae platform," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 609-625.
    6. Zhu, Liandong, 2015. "Biorefinery as a promising approach to promote microalgae industry: An innovative framework," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 1376-1384.
    7. Zhu, L.-D. & Hiltunen, E., 2016. "Application of livestock waste compost to cultivate microalgae for bioproducts production: A feasible framework," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1285-1290.

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