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State-of-charge estimation and uncertainty for lithium-ion battery strings

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  • Truchot, Cyril
  • Dubarry, Matthieu
  • Liaw, Bor Yann

Abstract

The state-of-charge (SOC) estimation is of extreme importance for the reliability and safety of battery operation. How to estimate SOC and, to some degree, the SOC convention itself, is still a subject of great interest. Here a viable SOC convention valid for single cells and multi-cell strings is proposed and validated. Using a 3S1P string as an illustration in this work, the direct inference from a correct open circuit voltage versus SOC (OCV=f(SOC)) correspondence based on the proposed SOC convention is the best method for accurate SOC estimation among several possible approaches for strings. The thermodynamic aspect on this SOC convention is explained. Uncertainties in actual applications are also discussed. The understanding on this accurate SOC estimation approach shall facilitate reliable battery control and management.

Suggested Citation

  • Truchot, Cyril & Dubarry, Matthieu & Liaw, Bor Yann, 2014. "State-of-charge estimation and uncertainty for lithium-ion battery strings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 218-227.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:119:y:2014:i:c:p:218-227
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.12.046
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    7. He, Hongwen & Xiong, Rui & Peng, Jiankun, 2016. "Real-time estimation of battery state-of-charge with unscented Kalman filter and RTOS μCOS-II platform," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1410-1418.
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    9. Hannan, M.A. & Lipu, M.S.H. & Hussain, A. & Mohamed, A., 2017. "A review of lithium-ion battery state of charge estimation and management system in electric vehicle applications: Challenges and recommendations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 834-854.
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    11. Oh, Ki-Yong & Epureanu, Bogdan I., 2016. "Characterization and modeling of the thermal mechanics of lithium-ion battery cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 633-646.
    12. Cuma, Mehmet Ugras & Koroglu, Tahsin, 2015. "A comprehensive review on estimation strategies used in hybrid and battery electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 517-531.
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    14. Zhang, Xu & Wang, Yujie & Yang, Duo & Chen, Zonghai, 2016. "An on-line estimation of battery pack parameters and state-of-charge using dual filters based on pack model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 219-229.
    15. Jong-Hyun Lee & In-Soo Lee, 2021. "Lithium Battery SOH Monitoring and an SOC Estimation Algorithm Based on the SOH Result," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-16, July.
    16. Zhihao Yu & Ruituo Huai & Linjing Xiao, 2015. "State-of-Charge Estimation for Lithium-Ion Batteries Using a Kalman Filter Based on Local Linearization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-20, July.
    17. Li, Zhirun & Xiong, Rui & Mu, Hao & He, Hongwen & Wang, Chun, 2017. "A novel parameter and state-of-charge determining method of lithium-ion battery for electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 363-371.
    18. Xia, L. & Najafi, E. & Li, Z. & Bergveld, H.J. & Donkers, M.C.F., 2017. "A computationally efficient implementation of a full and reduced-order electrochemistry-based model for Li-ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 1285-1296.
    19. Lyons, P.F. & Wade, N.S. & Jiang, T. & Taylor, P.C. & Hashiesh, F. & Michel, M. & Miller, D., 2015. "Design and analysis of electrical energy storage demonstration projects on UK distribution networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 677-691.
    20. Zheng, Yuejiu & Ouyang, Minggao & Li, Xiangjun & Lu, Languang & Li, Jianqiu & Zhou, Long & Zhang, Zhendong, 2016. "Recording frequency optimization for massive battery data storage in battery management systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 380-389.
    21. Ghulam E Mustafa Abro & Saiful Azrin B. M. Zulkifli & Kundan Kumar & Najib El Ouanjli & Vijanth Sagayan Asirvadam & Mahmoud A. Mossa, 2023. "Comprehensive Review of Recent Advancements in Battery Technology, Propulsion, Power Interfaces, and Vehicle Network Systems for Intelligent Autonomous and Connected Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-31, March.

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