IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v104y2013icp740-750.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Off-grid photovoltaic vehicle charge using second life lithium batteries: An experimental and numerical investigation

Author

Listed:
  • Tong, Shi Jie
  • Same, Adam
  • Kootstra, Mark A.
  • Park, Jae Wan

Abstract

Partially degraded lithium batteries from automotive applications, also known as second life batteries, are becoming more available for secondary applications due to the increasing market share of plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles. This study examines the feasibility of installing a second life battery pack in an off-grid photovoltaic vehicle charging system. The system was constructed using a photovoltaic array to charge a battery pack via a maximum power point tracking controller and later charge a vehicle via an inverter. The battery pack was configured using 135second life LiFePO4 based battery cells, selected based on remaining capacity, connected to form a nine parallel by 15 serial battery pack with accessible storage capacity of 13.9kWh. Experimental results show that the proposed second life battery system successfully achieves the desired function with a simple system structure and control methods. A numerical simulation was performed by constructing an equivalent system model, where the photovoltaic array and battery pack were modeled using equivalent circuit techniques. The model was parameterized and validated via testing of the system. Coupled with weather data, the model can simulate the system’s performance under different application scenarios. The numerical investigation reveals that the proposed system, using second life batteries, can achieve similar performance to systems using new lithium batteries, but at a reduced cost.

Suggested Citation

  • Tong, Shi Jie & Same, Adam & Kootstra, Mark A. & Park, Jae Wan, 2013. "Off-grid photovoltaic vehicle charge using second life lithium batteries: An experimental and numerical investigation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 740-750.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:104:y:2013:i:c:p:740-750
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.11.046
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261912008495
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.11.046?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Landgrebe, Albert R. & Donley, Samuel W., 1983. "Battery storage in residential applications of energy from photovoltaic sources," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 127-137.
    2. Zhou, Wei & Lou, Chengzhi & Li, Zhongshi & Lu, Lin & Yang, Hongxing, 2010. "Current status of research on optimum sizing of stand-alone hybrid solar-wind power generation systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(2), pages 380-389, February.
    3. Ekren, Orhan & Ekren, Banu Y., 2010. "Size optimization of a PV/wind hybrid energy conversion system with battery storage using simulated annealing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(2), pages 592-598, February.
    4. Bob Giddings & Chris Underwood, 2007. "Renewable energy in remote communities," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(3), pages 397-419.
    5. Galus, Matthias D. & Zima, Marek & Andersson, Göran, 2010. "On integration of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles into existing power system structures," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(11), pages 6736-6745, November.
    6. Bhandari, Ramchandra & Stadler, Ingo, 2011. "Electrification using solar photovoltaic systems in Nepal," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 458-465, February.
    7. Sasitharanuwat, Achitpon & Rakwichian, Wattanapong & Ketjoy, Nipon & Yammen, Suchart, 2007. "Performance evaluation of a 10kWp PV power system prototype for isolated building in Thailand," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(8), pages 1288-1300.
    8. Underwood, C.P. & Ramachandran, J. & Giddings, R.D. & Alwan, Z., 2007. "Renewable-energy clusters for remote communities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(6), pages 579-598, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Oh, Ki-Yong & Epureanu, Bogdan I., 2016. "Characterization and modeling of the thermal mechanics of lithium-ion battery cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 633-646.
    2. Katsaprakakis, Dimitris Al. & Christakis, Dimitris G. & Stefanakis, Ioannis & Spanos, Petros & Stefanakis, Nikos, 2013. "Technical details regarding the design, the construction and the operation of seawater pumped storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 619-630.
    3. Sinha, Sunanda & Chandel, S.S., 2015. "Review of recent trends in optimization techniques for solar photovoltaic–wind based hybrid energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 755-769.
    4. Rogers, J.C. & Simmons, E.A. & Convery, I. & Weatherall, A., 2008. "Public perceptions of opportunities for community-based renewable energy projects," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 4217-4226, November.
    5. Mudasser, Muhammad & Yiridoe, Emmanuel K. & Corscadden, Kenneth, 2015. "Cost-benefit analysis of grid-connected wind–biogas hybrid energy production, by turbine capacity and site," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 573-582.
    6. Jennifer C Rogers & Eunice A Simmons & Ian Convery & Andrew Weatherall, 2012. "What factors enable community leadership of renewable energy projects? Lessons from a woodfuel heating initiative," Local Economy, London South Bank University, vol. 27(2), pages 209-222, March.
    7. Kaabeche, A. & Belhamel, M. & Ibtiouen, R., 2011. "Sizing optimization of grid-independent hybrid photovoltaic/wind power generation system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 1214-1222.
    8. Chen, Hung-Cheng, 2013. "Optimum capacity determination of stand-alone hybrid generation system considering cost and reliability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 155-164.
    9. Pablo Benalcazar & Adam Suski & Jacek Kamiński, 2020. "Optimal Sizing and Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Systems: The Cases of Morona Santiago and the Galapagos Islands," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-20, August.
    10. Mahesh, Aeidapu & Sandhu, Kanwarjit Singh, 2015. "Hybrid wind/photovoltaic energy system developments: Critical review and findings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1135-1147.
    11. Thirunavukkarasu, M. & Sawle, Yashwant & Lala, Himadri, 2023. "A comprehensive review on optimization of hybrid renewable energy systems using various optimization techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    12. Rosato, Antonello & Panella, Massimo & Andreotti, Amedeo & Mohammed, Osama A. & Araneo, Rodolfo, 2021. "Two-stage dynamic management in energy communities using a decision system based on elastic net regularization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 291(C).
    13. Zahraee, S.M. & Khalaji Assadi, M. & Saidur, R., 2016. "Application of Artificial Intelligence Methods for Hybrid Energy System Optimization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 617-630.
    14. Kwon, Sunghoon & Won, Wangyun & Kim, Jiyong, 2016. "A superstructure model of an isolated power supply system using renewable energy: Development and application to Jeju Island, Korea," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 177-188.
    15. Edwin, M. & Joseph Sekhar, S., 2018. "Techno- Economic evaluation of milk chilling unit retrofitted with hybrid renewable energy system in coastal province," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 66-78.
    16. Ma, Tao & Yang, Hongxing & Lu, Lin, 2013. "Performance evaluation of a stand-alone photovoltaic system on an isolated island in Hong Kong," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 663-672.
    17. Marlus Quintas & Claudio Blanco & André Amarante Mesquita, 2012. "Analysis of two schemes using micro hydroelectric power (MHPs) in the Amazon with environmental sustainability and energy and economic feasibility," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 14(2), pages 283-295, April.
    18. Hart, Elaine K. & Jacobson, Mark Z., 2011. "A Monte Carlo approach to generator portfolio planning and carbon emissions assessments of systems with large penetrations of variable renewables," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 2278-2286.
    19. Silva Herran, Diego & Nakata, Toshihiko, 2012. "Design of decentralized energy systems for rural electrification in developing countries considering regional disparity," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(1), pages 130-145.
    20. Succar, Samir & Denkenberger, David C. & Williams, Robert H., 2012. "Optimization of specific rating for wind turbine arrays coupled to compressed air energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 222-234.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Battery; Charging; PHEV; EV; Off-grid;
    All these keywords.

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:104:y:2013:i:c:p:740-750. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.