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Impact of no-till, cover crop, and irrigation on Cotton yield

Author

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  • DeLaune, P.B
  • Mubvumba, P.
  • Ale, S.
  • Kimura, E.

Abstract

Water is the limiting factor for crop production within the southern US Great Plains and it has become a critical resource for multiple stakeholders. Hence, efficient irrigation and cropping systems are of paramount importance to conserve water resources. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of irrigation timing and quantity, cover crop use and tillage on cotton production in an established conservation tillage system. Evaluated tillage systems included: 1) conventional tillage (CT); 2) strip-tillage (ST); 3) no-till (NT); and 4) NT with a terminated wheat cover crop (NT-W). Irrigation treatments included 1) 5.08-6.35 mm d−1 initiated mid-season (LOW); 2) 6.35-8.38 mm d−1 initiated mid-season (MED); and 3) 5.08-6.35 mm d−1 initiated early-season (HIGH). No significant differences in lint yield or irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) were observed between MED and HIGH. Although HIGH resulted in 12 % greater lint yields than LOW, HIGH resulted in 67 % greater irrigation water applications. LOW resulted in significantly greater IWUE than MED and HIGH. No-till systems, with and without a cover crop, had significantly greater lint yields and IWUE than CT. Furthermore, inclusion of wheat in NT increased yields and IWUE compared with ST. Applying irrigation water at a critical growth stage proved to be more water efficient than early season irrigation that was used to bank moisture in the soil profile. Delaying irrigation application until critical growth stages and using cover crops should be considered as best management approaches to conserve water resources while sustaining cotton production in the Southern Great Plains.

Suggested Citation

  • DeLaune, P.B & Mubvumba, P. & Ale, S. & Kimura, E., 2020. "Impact of no-till, cover crop, and irrigation on Cotton yield," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:232:y:2020:i:c:s037837741931858x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106038
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    1. Zurweller, B.A. & Rowland, D.L. & Mulvaney, M.J. & Tillman, B.L. & Migliaccio, K. & Wright, D. & Erickson, J. & Payton, P. & Vellidis, G., 2019. "Optimizing cotton irrigation and nitrogen management using a soil water balance model and in-season nitrogen applications," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 306-314.
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    3. Claassen, Roger & Bowman, Maria & McFadden, Jonathan & Smith, David & Wallander, Steven, 2018. "Tillage Intensity and Conservation Cropping in the United States," Economic Information Bulletin 277566, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    4. Wanjura, Donald F. & Upchurch, Dan R. & Mahan, James R. & Burke, John J., 2002. "Cotton yield and applied water relationships under drip irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 55(3), pages 217-237, June.
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    2. Jovanovic, N. & Pereira, L.S. & Paredes, P. & Pôças, I. & Cantore, V. & Todorovic, M., 2020. "A review of strategies, methods and technologies to reduce non-beneficial consumptive water use on farms considering the FAO56 methods," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    3. Raju Sapkota & Megha N. Parajulee & Kenwyn R. Cradock, 2024. "Interactive Effect of Cover Crop, Irrigation Regime, and Crop Phenology on Thrips Population Dynamics and Plant Growth Parameters in Upland Cotton," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-23, July.

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